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1、 Grammar Non-predicate VerbsNon-predicate VerbsVerb (do)do(動詞的原形)does (動詞的單數形式)did (動詞的過去形式)to do (動詞不定式)doing (動名詞/現在分詞)done (過去分詞）e.g: I / He it.Predicate(謂語謂語)Non-Predicate (非謂語非謂語) do / does / did缺什么？謂語？謂語？非謂語非謂語？Non-predicate VerbsNon-predicate VerbsThe Infinitive (to do)The Gerund(doing)The Pa
2、rticiple(doing/done)常充當：n / adj / adv,不能當verb用。在句中除不能作謂語外,其它各種成分(主語賓語表語賓補定語狀語)都可充當。常充當：n ,不能當verb用。在句中通常作 主語、賓語、表語和定語。常充當：adj / adv,不能當verb用。在句中通常定語、表語、賓補和狀語。The Infinitive 介詞: + n / pron / V_ing小品詞: + V原形toto himto doThe Infinitive to + do ( to + V原形 ) what + to + do ( 疑 + to + V原形 )“to do”常作：n / a
3、dj / adv用，決不能把它當：verb用。因此在句型結構： S + V + O + C + A + “定語”各成分中（注：S為主語，V為謂語，O為賓語，C為補語，A為狀語），除“V”外其他各成分都能充當。e.g. To learn English well is very necessary. (S-n) My wish is to be a teacher. (表語-n） I want to have a good sleep. (O-n) He obliged me to clean the classroom for him. (賓補-adj） There are some plac
4、es to visit. (定語-adj) I came here to see you. (A-adv)Non-predicate VerbsNon-predicate VerbsThe Infinitive 的否定形式的否定形式The Infinitive 的邏輯主語的邏輯主語The Infinitive 的時態(tài)變化的時態(tài)變化not + (to) + V原形 e,.g I want you not to smoke.for + n / pron + to + V原形 e.g. Its necessary for us to learn English well.The Gerund doi
5、ng ( Ving ) “doing”常作：n 用，決不能把它當：verb用。因此在句型結構：S + V + O + C + A + “定語”各成分中，可充當主語、賓語、表語和定語。e.g. Singing English songs is a good way to learn English. (S-n) My job is teaching you English. (表語-n） I enjoy listening to English songs. (O-n) There is a swimming pool in my neighborhood.(定語-n) The GerundTh
6、e GerundThe Gerund 的否定形式的否定形式The Gerund 的邏輯主語的邏輯主語The Gerund 的時態(tài)變化的時態(tài)變化not + Vinghis / Toms + Ving 或 him / Tom + Ving e.g. Do you mind his / Toms opening the window?或 Do you mind him / Tom opening the window?Toms not finishing the work made the teacher angryThe Participle The present participle: doi
7、ng ( Ving ) The past participle: played ( Ved ) “The participle”常作：adj / adv用，決不能把它當：verb用。因此在句型結構：S + V + O + C + A + “定語”各成分中，可充當表語、定語、賓補和狀語 。e.g. My job is very interesting.或 I am very interested in the job.(表語-adj） There is a swimming boy in the swimming pool .(定語-adj / 定語-n) 或America is a devel
8、oped country while our country is still a developing one. I am sorry to have had you waiting for me so long. (賓補-adj) 或Id like to have my hair cut. (賓補-adj) Looking through the newspaper, I found a piece of good news. (A-adv) Seen from the top of the building, our school looks very beautiful. (A-adv
9、)The ParticipleThe ParticipleThe Participle 的否定形式的否定形式The Participle 的邏輯主語的邏輯主語The Participle 的時態(tài)變化的時態(tài)變化not + Ving / not Ved 名詞/代詞(It) + Ving 或 名詞/代詞(It) + Ved (也稱獨立主格結構) e.g. It being a fine day, we went outing. He had to wait outside, the keys left in his office. There being no bus, I had to walk
10、home.非謂語動詞的一般式和完成式非謂語動詞的一般式和完成式非謂語動詞的一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生。非謂語動詞的完成式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。 The Infinitive例1：A lot of young people are learning to drive cars. (與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生) 例2：All of us expected to discover a new oil field.（動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后) 例3：He is said to have studied English for three years. (動作發(fā)
11、生在謂語動詞之前) 注：動詞不定式的完成式有時用在intended, expected, meant, was / were to等過去式的動詞后面，表示未實現的行為。例如： 1) I meant to have sent the book to you by mail. （我本想把這本書郵寄給你的。） 2) He was to have been the new ambassador, but he fell ill. (他原是要任新大使的，但是他病了。) 非謂語動詞的一般式和完成式非謂語動詞的一般式和完成式非謂語動詞的一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生。非謂語動詞的完
12、成式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。 The Gerund例1：I am thinking of getting a new dictionary. (動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后) 例2：We enjoy watching color TV. (與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生) 例3：He forgot having promised to write things for us. （動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前） 非謂語動詞的一般式和完成式非謂語動詞的一般式和完成式非謂語動詞的一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生。非謂語動詞的完成式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。 The Participle例1：Singing a song, he came into the room. （與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生） 例2：Having written his composition, he went to have a heart to heart talk with Wang. (動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前)
天津市大港區(qū)中考英語一輪復習 非謂語動詞專題課件
