高三英語循序?qū)懽髅恐芤痪聿讲降歉逥OC
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1、歡迎閱讀 第一步從寫對(duì)句子開始(用時(shí)3周) 寫作中寫對(duì)句子是最基本的要求,其中最重要的一點(diǎn)是句子結(jié)構(gòu)要完整。所以,同學(xué)們?cè)谄?時(shí)訓(xùn)練時(shí)一定要從掌握最基本的句子成分和基本句式做起,通過觀摩、背誦、仿寫,最終寫出準(zhǔn) 確無誤的句子。在高考中即使你的作文不能寫得漂漂亮亮、洋氣十足,也一定要寫得像模像樣, 硬傷不多!所以學(xué)寫作,要先從最基本的句子抓起。 第一周各司其職的8大句子成分 句子由各個(gè)組成部分構(gòu)成,這些組成部分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、 定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語、表語和同位語等。 一、主語——句子的主體 主語是句子的主體,是句子所要說明的人或事物,表示句子描述的是誰或
2、什么。更確切地說, 主語是說明謂語所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的執(zhí)行者。主語通常由名詞 (短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式 (短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)或從句等充當(dāng)。 The most obvious problemin our class is lack of interaction and teamwork.(201廣東高考讀 寫任務(wù)) 我們班最明顯的問題是缺少互動(dòng)和協(xié)作。(名詞短語作主語) [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 1 ?有時(shí)放棄一些東西可能意味著得到的更多。 (動(dòng)名詞短語作主語) Sometimes giving_up_a_little can mean getting mor
3、e.(201浙江高考書面表達(dá) ) 2?如何與別人友好相處是你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)的第二件事。 (不定式短語作主語) How_to_get一along_well_with_others is the second thing you should learn.(20江西高考滿分 作文) 3?我打算告訴你的是關(guān)于我們學(xué)校向你們中文班贈(zèng)書之事。 (從句作主語) What丄am_going_to_tell_you is about the book donation from our school to your Chinese class.(2015天津高考滿分作文) 二、謂語一一主語的行為 謂語用
4、來描述主語的行為動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 (短語)可以單獨(dú)作謂語,有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱 和數(shù)的變化;系動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語,系表結(jié)構(gòu)才可以作謂語;助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也不能單獨(dú)作 謂語,“助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”可以作謂語。 Half an hour later, I managed to find the right answer.(2015湖北高考短文寫作) 半小時(shí)后,我設(shè)法找到了正確答案。(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語) 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 1我認(rèn)為今天的孩子應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)著尊敬長(zhǎng)輩。(“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+定義動(dòng)詞”作謂語) I think today's chi
5、ldren should learn to respect their elders. 2?手表在我們?nèi)粘I钪惺潜匾?,但它的功能太?jiǎn)單呆板了。 (系表結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語) The watch is necessary in our daily life, but its function is too simple and dull.(20湖南高 考滿分作文) 三、賓語一一動(dòng)作的對(duì)象 賓語是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者,一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞的后面??梢杂米髻e語的有:名詞、 代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和從句等。 I J I managed to persuademy classmates int
6、o accepting my idea.(20l浙江高考書面表達(dá) ) 我設(shè)法說服我的同學(xué)們接受我的想法。(不定式作賓語) p I [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 1我真的希望你能給我一些如何學(xué)習(xí)英語的好的建議。 (從句作賓語) I really hope thatvou can giveme_some_good_advice on how to study English.(2四川I 高 —~ — — — — j ; 考書面表達(dá)) 2?他突然想在啟程之前再看看這座城市的美景。 (動(dòng)名詞作賓語) Sudde nly he thought of seeing_the_bea
7、utiful_views_of_the_city_agai n before setti ng out. 四、 表語一一主語的特征 表語與前面的系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(系表結(jié)構(gòu)),用來說明主語的特征、類屬、狀態(tài)、身份 等。可以用作表語的有:名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、 介詞短語和從句等。 一 .. / ■ \ \ I I Although the answer seemed little strange nobody but I doubted it.(2015湖北高考短文寫作) 盡管答案有些奇怪,但只有我對(duì)此產(chǎn)生了懷疑。 (形容詞作表語)
8、 [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 幾分鐘過去了,但是整個(gè)班級(jí)一片寂靜。(介詞短語作表語) Several minutes passed but the whole class was in_complete_silence.(2湖南高考書面表達(dá) ) 五、 定語一一名詞的修飾語 定語是用來描述名詞的品質(zhì)與特征的修飾語,它常和名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語。可以用作定語的有: 形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語和從句等。 Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life,hich
9、must be very interesting(2015安徽高考書面表達(dá)) 歡迎閱讀 最后,我要問一些關(guān)于他個(gè)人生活的問題,這一定很有趣。 (從句作定語) [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 彼此坦誠(chéng)相待是交友的最好方法。(不定式短語作定語) Being honest with each other is the best way to make friends. 六、 狀語一一動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或句子的修飾語 狀語是用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子的一種成分??梢杂米鳡钫Z的有:副詞、名 詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和從句等。 Time per
10、mitting, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friendso that we can have a better relationship(2014 全國(guó)卷 n 滿分作文) 時(shí)間允許的話,我希望有更多的業(yè)余時(shí)間和朋友一起度過,這樣我們就會(huì)有更加良好的關(guān)系。 (獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和從句作狀語) 一亠一I [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 1 ?旅行了一周后,他回到了家,感到很累但很高興。 (形容詞作狀語) After a week's trip, he returned home, tired but very h
11、appy. 2?為了解決這個(gè)問題,我和同學(xué)們進(jìn)行了討論,想出了一個(gè)建議并匯報(bào)給了校長(zhǎng)。 (不定式短 語作狀語) ln__order_to__solve_this_problem,_my classmates and I discussed it and came up with a suggestion and later reported to the headmaster.(201北京高考滿分作文) 七、 補(bǔ)足語一一賓語或主語的補(bǔ)充說明 補(bǔ)足語是用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語或主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等的一種句子成分。補(bǔ)充說明主語意義的句 子成分叫做主語補(bǔ)足語;補(bǔ)充說明賓語意義的句子成分叫做賓語補(bǔ)足語
12、??梢杂米餮a(bǔ)足語的有: 形容詞、名詞、不定式、分詞和介詞短語等。 ① Hopefully, these books will help the students know and learn Chinese bettei(2015 天津高 1 I 考書面表達(dá)) 這些書籍有望幫助同學(xué)們更好地認(rèn)識(shí)和理解漢語。 (不定式短語作賓補(bǔ)) ② Our country will be made more and more beautifulif we try our best. 如果我們竭盡全力,我們的國(guó)家將會(huì)變得越來越美麗。 (形容詞作主補(bǔ)) [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 科普書能
13、幫助我們學(xué)生對(duì)科學(xué)和自然更感興趣。 (不定式作賓補(bǔ)) Popular science books can help us students to_become_more_i nterested_i n_ scie nce _and_na±ure.(2014浙江高考滿分作文) 歡迎閱讀 八、同位語——同等重要的修飾語 對(duì)句子中的某一成分作進(jìn)一步解釋、說明,與前面的成分在語法上處于同等地位的句子成分 叫做同位語??梢杂米魍徽Z的有:名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和從句等。 We are going to the local nursing home for the comin
14、g Double Ninth Festivalholiday for us to show our respect for the elderly.(201全國(guó)卷 U 滿分作文) (名詞 我們打算去當(dāng)?shù)匾患揖蠢显哼^即將到來的重陽節(jié),該節(jié)日顯示了我們對(duì)老年人的尊重 作同位語) [即時(shí)演練]根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示完成句子 (從句 一方面,我非常自信能在考試中做好;另一方面,我感覺有點(diǎn)緊張,盡管考試并不難 作同位語) On the one hand, I have strong belief that I will do well in the exam; on the other hand,
15、 I feel a bit nervous, though it's not difficult.(20145川高考書面表達(dá)) [綜合演練提能] I ■分析句子成分 Recently I have carried out a survey among the students 1. ①狀語②主語③謂語④賓語⑤狀語 One day some of my studentswere talking about what we 2. ①狀語 ②主語③謂語④賓語 歡迎閱讀 -Music 3.① can make our mind in a peaceful st
16、ateafter a whole ② ③ ④ ①主語 ②謂語③賓語④賓補(bǔ)⑤狀語 I"I The meeting held yesterday was important 4. ① ② ③ ①主語 ②定語 ③謂語(系動(dòng)詞+表語) Every day he was forced to work from morning till night 5?① ①狀語②主語③謂語④主補(bǔ) Word came that the mayor would pay a visit to our school 6.①② ①主語②謂語③同位語 n ■按要求完成小作文 歡迎閱讀 (2016 東北
17、三校高三聯(lián)考)Good morning, everyone It's my honor ①tobe here to make a short speech在這里作一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的報(bào)告,用不定式短語作真正主語和狀語 ). Recently I have found②that some of our classmates can't study effective我們一些同學(xué) 不能有效地學(xué)習(xí),用賓語從句 ).Some can't help falling asleep in class, ③ because_they_often_study_too_late_into_the_nigh8為他們經(jīng)常
18、學(xué)習(xí)到深夜,用狀語從句). Others seldom have sports④which surely does harm to their health這確實(shí)對(duì)他們的健康有 害,用定語從句). As we know, enough sleep ⑤ofgreatjmportance非常重要,用介詞短語作表語 )for us Senior 3 students. We can concentrate our mind in class with sufficient sleep, so we should try to I j make wise use of our time⑥mak
19、ing a balance between work and leisure在學(xué)習(xí)和休息上取得 平衡,用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語).Besides⑦doing proper exercise every day每天適當(dāng)?shù)劐憻挘脛?dòng)名 詞作主語)can benefit us a lot, keeping fit, reducing stress and so on. Let's spare some time ⑧to_do_all_kinds_of_sports做各種運(yùn)動(dòng),用不定式短語作狀語).And only in this way can we keep a good mood and study w
20、ell. That's all. Thank you for listening! 第二周萬變不離其宗的5種基本句式 句子成分構(gòu)成了英語中各種各樣的句子,其實(shí)英語中最基本的句式只有五種,其他各種句式 I I 都是由這五種基本句式演變而來。五種基本句式如下: 一、主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞) 該句式常用來表示主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其特點(diǎn)為:句子的謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思,這 類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞,后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。 , ■ a ? . I I - _ I ① This_camp . will open on July 20th. (2015北京高考書面表達(dá))
21、訓(xùn)練營(yíng)將于7月20號(hào)開始。 ② Bathed in the sunshine, we jumped and cheered with joy.(201江西高考書面表達(dá)) 沐浴在陽光中,我們高興得歡呼雀躍。 [即時(shí)演練]完成句子 1. 為了保持健康,我們應(yīng)該定期鍛煉。 In order to keep fit, we_should_exercise_regularly. 2. 因此,這種新鞋最近才問世。 Therefore, this_new_kind_of_shoes_has_come_into_being recently.(20湖南高考書面表達(dá)) 3. 這里高樓林立、綠樹成
22、蔭。 歡迎閱讀 Here many high buildings have appeared with green trees growing quickly. 二、主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語 該句式特點(diǎn)為:謂語動(dòng)詞均為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,都是主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作,但不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必 須跟一個(gè)賓語(賓語可以由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式等來充當(dāng)),即動(dòng)作的承受者,才能表達(dá)完 整的意思。 ①I appreciated my maths teacher's praise and encouragement very much.(20湖南高考書面 表達(dá)) 我非常感謝我的數(shù)學(xué)老師的稱贊和鼓勵(lì)
23、。 ②At the age of twelve, I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.(201重慶高考寫作? 十二歲時(shí),我得到了一輛漂亮的自行車作為生日禮物。 [點(diǎn)津]該句式的謂語動(dòng)詞要用及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞短語 。 '. ③As an outgoing girl,」get along well with my classmates.(20l陜西高考書面表達(dá)) 作為一名外向的女孩,我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。 [即時(shí)演練]完成句子 1 ?最后,我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常參加運(yùn)動(dòng)和戶外活動(dòng)。 Fin ally, we_should_take_part_i.n_s
24、ports_and _outdoor_activities freque ntly.(201江西高考書 面表達(dá)) 2?最近幾年,我們已經(jīng)互相培養(yǎng)了良好的友誼。 Over the years, we_have _developed_a_good_friendship with each other. 二、王語+系動(dòng)詞+表語 該句式就是常說的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。此句式側(cè)重說明主語是什么或怎么樣,謂語動(dòng)詞需用系動(dòng)詞(主 要是be動(dòng)詞),表語多為形容詞,也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式及分詞等。 "1 I I ①The_ “Foreig_Cultures ”section in our newspa
25、pers very popular among us students.(2015全國(guó)卷I書面表達(dá)) 我們報(bào)紙的“外國(guó)文化”欄目非常受我們學(xué)生的歡迎。 ②Such a positive attitude towards life_can_be helpful in lifting your spirits.(201安徽高考書 面表達(dá)) 這種對(duì)生活的積極態(tài)度有助于振奮你的情緒。 [即時(shí)演練]完成句子 1 ?在我看來,一個(gè)沒有朋友的人永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)幸福。 In my opinion, a person without friends_can_n£ver_be_happy.(201 山東高考
26、寫作 ) 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 2. 總之,我的生活會(huì)越來越豐富多彩。 In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful.(2014全國(guó)卷 n 書面表達(dá)) 3. 總而言之,鄉(xiāng)村生活比城市生活對(duì)健康更有利。 In conclusion, country life is more beneficial to health than city life. 四、 主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語 該句式中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。一個(gè)是表示人的間接賓語;一個(gè) 是表示物的直接賓語。一
27、般間接賓語在前面,直接賓語在后面。 ① First he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.(2北1京高考書面? 表達(dá)) 首先他向我們展示了做面人的基本步驟和技能。 ② At the same time, parents are giving their children too much protection.(201福 建高考滿分? 作文) 同時(shí),父母給孩子的保護(hù)太多了。 [即時(shí)演練]完成句子 / ? I j J ■ 1. 格林先生將就如何學(xué)好英語給我們作一場(chǎng)報(bào)告。 Mr. Gree
28、n will give us a speech on how to learn English well. 2. 幸運(yùn)的是,她答應(yīng)給我一個(gè)重新面試的機(jī)會(huì)。 Fortun ately, she_promised_me_another_chance to in terview. 五、 主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 該句式中的謂語雖然是及物動(dòng)詞,但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必須加上一個(gè) 補(bǔ)充成分來說明賓語,才能使意思完整。賓語補(bǔ)足語是用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的情況的,直接跟在賓 語之后。 ① Your contribution will certainly make- the
29、. event a .huge success.(2014寧高考書面表達(dá) ) 你的貢獻(xiàn)將會(huì)使得這次活動(dòng)獲得巨大成功。 ② Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.(2013四川?高考滿分作文) 顯而易見,一個(gè)好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣能幫助我們盡快達(dá)到我們的目標(biāo)。 [即時(shí)演練]完成句子 1. 作為一名中學(xué)生,我認(rèn)為英語是一門非常重要的科目。 As a high school stude nt, l_con sider_E nglish_a_very」mporta nt_su
30、bject. 2. 從古代起,人們就把早起視為好習(xí)慣。 歡迎閱讀 People have regarded getting up early as a good habit since ancient times. [綜合演練提能] I ■判斷下列句子所屬的類型 1. In other words, we are the master of our own future. 王語+系動(dòng)詞+表語 2. This morning our teacher told us something about the Hope Project in class. 主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+間接
31、賓語+直接賓語 3. A blind man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand. 主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞) I J 4. Should we sacrifice our children's future for our own interests? 主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語 ..—a — z / i I 5. Friends made my life full of excitement, imagination and romance. 主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 n .按
32、要求完成句子 一一 i :?/ C .: | } j 1. 現(xiàn)在在中學(xué)里課外活動(dòng)正變得越來越普及。 (主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語) Nowadays after-class activities are_becoming_more_and_more_popular in high schools. 2. 我們尚未決定什么時(shí)候再討論這個(gè)問題。(主語+謂語+賓語) We have n't decided一 when_to_discu$s_the_problem_agai n. 3. 奶奶昨晚給我講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。(主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語) Granny told_me_a_v
33、ery_interesting_ _story last night. 4. 每天早上我們都能聽到他大聲朗讀英語。(主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語) Every morning we hear him read_E nglish_aloud. 5. 早睡早起是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。(主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語,動(dòng)名詞作主語) j Going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit. 6. 最近10年,我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。(主語+謂語) Great_changes_have_taken_place in my hometown in
34、the past ten years. 7. 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)英語是通往如此豐富知識(shí)的橋梁。 (主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語) You will find English_a_bridge to so much knowledge. 8. 我真的很感謝你過來幫我補(bǔ)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。(主語+謂語+賓語,動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語) I really appreciate_your_coming_over to help me with my math. 川.按要求完成下列題目 (I )用簡(jiǎn)單句翻譯下列各句,并標(biāo)出所屬的基本句式 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 1你已經(jīng)讓我了解了你們美麗的城市。 You've
35、 let me know about your beautiful_city主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 ) 2. 我將要告訴你有關(guān)我的家鄉(xiāng)江城的一些事情。 門l tell you something about my hometown_Jiangchen主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓 語) 3 ?這座城市位于長(zhǎng)江沿岸。 The_city_stands_on_the_bank of_the_Yangtze_Rive主語+謂語) 4. 它是一個(gè)供人們居住的美麗的地方。 lt_is_a beautiful place for people to live_in主語+系動(dòng)詞 + 表語)
36、 ■X _ X. z.. x' I J 5. 近十年來它的經(jīng)濟(jì)一直在迅猛發(fā)展。 lts_economy_has_been_developing_rapidly_in_the_past_ten_yea主語+謂語) 6. 像污染一樣的新問題正變得越來越嚴(yán)重。 _New_problems,__such_as_pollutio n_are_becomi ng_more_a nd _more_serious語 +系動(dòng)詞 + 表語) 7. 江城應(yīng)該科學(xué)地發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)。 Jiangcheng should_develop_its_economy_scientificall主語+謂語+賓語 ) 8.
37、 這種發(fā)展應(yīng)該使得人們?cè)絹碓叫腋!? The_development_should_make_its_people_happier_and_happie主語+謂語+賓語+賓語 補(bǔ)足語) (n)適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)用6個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句將(I)中的句子合并成一篇短文 You've let me know about your beautiful city. Now I'll tell you something about my h ometow n_Jia ngche ng._The_city_sta nds_on _the_bank_of_the_Ya ngtze_River,_a_ 1 ■?- . 8
38、 beautiful_place_for_people_to_live_in._lts_economy_has_been_developing_rapidly_in_the_ past_ten_years _Howevernew_problems,_such_as_pollution_are_becoming_more_and_ more_serious._Jiangcheng_should_develop_its_economy_scientifically_so_as_to_make_its_ people_happier_and_happier. 第三周考場(chǎng)作文常見的3類錯(cuò)誤及防范措
39、施 一、考場(chǎng)作文常見的3類錯(cuò)誤 考場(chǎng)作文常見的錯(cuò)誤主要分為三類:詞匯類錯(cuò)誤、語法類錯(cuò)誤和漢語式英語。 (一)詞匯類錯(cuò)誤 歡迎閱讀 考試時(shí),我們很容易出現(xiàn)單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤和詞形變化錯(cuò)誤;而詞性不清和詞匯用法方面的錯(cuò)誤 主要還是受漢語的影響。其應(yīng)對(duì)措施是在備考時(shí)要多注意容易拼錯(cuò)或容易出現(xiàn)詞形變化的單詞, 真正用心去體會(huì)英語詞匯的詞性和運(yùn)用,對(duì)一些固定習(xí)語更不能想當(dāng)然地改動(dòng)。 1單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤 誤: Our English teacher is friendly but verystrick with us students. 正: Our English teacher is fri
40、endly but verystrict with us students. 2?詞形變化錯(cuò)誤 誤:Peoplethrowed cans, paper, bags and so on into the river water. 正: Peoplethrew cans, paper, bags and so on into the river water. 、z:.丿 I j 3 ?詞性不清錯(cuò)誤 誤:Doing a part-time job alwayseffectsstudy. 正: Doing a part-time job alwaysaffectsstudy. 二二、:迸
41、二二 ;一—_ 亠亠,” 1 4.詞匯用法錯(cuò)誤 誤:He openedthe light after he entered the room. j :: 正: He turned on the light after he entered the room. 5.擅自改動(dòng)習(xí)語 誤: We lost the game, but we didn'tose our heart. 正: We lost the game, but we didn'tose heart. [即時(shí)演練]改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤 1. We must try our best to prevent the
42、 enviroment from being polluted. enviroment^ environment I 2. There is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with writen English. writen f written 3. During my summer vacation, I spent half a month in the country and played very happy. happy— happily 4. We must notice our pronu
43、nciation when we speak English.notteqaay_attention_to 5. Just in the front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years .in _the_front_of in_front_of_ (二)語法類錯(cuò)誤 一個(gè)正確的句子除了用詞得當(dāng)外,語法也應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)確無誤。如果語法不正確,再好的構(gòu)思也難 以正確地表達(dá),語法錯(cuò)誤的多少會(huì)直接影響作文的檔次。英語寫作中語法類錯(cuò)誤主要表現(xiàn)在:時(shí) 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 態(tài)、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤、非謂語動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤、主謂
44、一致錯(cuò)誤、比較級(jí)使用錯(cuò)誤、多余的詞以及平行錯(cuò)誤 等。 1時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤 誤: Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. 正: Children who are raised in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. 2.非謂語動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤 誤:Comparing with oth
45、er countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution. 正: Compared with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution. 3 ?主謂一致錯(cuò)誤 誤: My hobby is widespread, whichnclude drawing, collecting stamps and so on. 正: My hobby is widespread, whichncludesdrawing, collectin
46、g stamps and so on. 4?比較級(jí)使用錯(cuò)誤 誤: With the development of transportation, the world seems to be gettingore and more smaller. 正: With the development of transportation, the world seems to be gettisgialler and smaller. 5.多余的詞 誤: On one day,he went to the cinema. 正: One day, he went to the cinema.
47、 6. 平行錯(cuò)誤 誤:Then I put my book under my desk,openingit and started looking for the answer. xl I 正: Then I put my book under my desk,openedit and started looking for the answer. [即時(shí)演練]改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤 1. In the morning, we had bicycled to the suburbs to plant tree去掉 had 2. Not only Tom but also I are
48、 tired of one examination after another.aeam 3. They think students should have their own time to study and it is more quieter at home. morbmuch 或夫掉 more 4. There have been more and more road accidents happened in recent years. happe necR happe ning 5. More and more people entered into the hall,
49、so it became crowd夫掉 into 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 (三)漢語式英語 一般來說,英漢兩種語言既有許多相似之處,又有許多不同之處。在寫作時(shí)如果想當(dāng)然地去 寫,會(huì)出現(xiàn)許多漢語式英語,其中主要包括:純漢語式思維和漢語式語序、句子成分殘缺、句子 粘連以及搭配不當(dāng)?shù)取? 1純漢語式思維和漢語式語序 誤: At this school studying, I really very happy. 正: Studying at this school, lam really very happy. 2 ?句子成分殘缺 誤:There are many student
50、s don't support the project. I J 正: There are many studentswho don't support the project. 3 ?句子粘連 ...—* 誤: On the other hand, dogs are our best friends, bring us a lot of fun. 孑 z "i \、、\ 丿! 正: On the other hand, dogs are our best friendswhich/and bring us a lot of fun. 4?搭配不當(dāng) 誤: We walked
51、a far way before planting trees. 正: We walked a long waybefore planting trees. 誤:Under the help ofthe teacher, I have made great progress in my English. 正: With the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English. [即時(shí)演練]改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤 1. We are impossible to finish the work in such a s
52、hort time.We_are_impossiblet_ is_impossible_for_us 2. It's known that the cost in big cities is very expensive.expensivleigh r I : "■- ■'! 3. He has greatly improved his spoken English by this way.byin 或 way— means 4. I haven't heard from your letter for a long time and I miss you very much. yo
53、ur_letter— you 5. He has three sons, all of them work in Beijin在逗號(hào)后力口 and 或 them—whom 二、防范出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的2個(gè)措施 寫對(duì)句子是作文得高分的關(guān)鍵和保證,考場(chǎng)上要避免上述低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤,可采取以下兩個(gè)措施。 (一)確定主語 英語句子無論多長(zhǎng)都有自己的主語(祈使句省略了主語you)。動(dòng)手寫句子首先要確定主語,其 次要特別注意漢語與英語的區(qū)別。例如: 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 ① 北京八月多雨。 誤: Beijing rains much in August. 正:It rains much in Be
54、ijing in August. ② 寫得很匆忙,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)書中滿是錯(cuò)誤。 誤: Written in a hurry, we found the book full of mistakes. 正: Written in a hurry, the book was found full of mistakes (by us) (二)確定謂語動(dòng)詞 英語中沒有動(dòng)詞就構(gòu)不成句子,但動(dòng)詞千變?nèi)f化,稍不注意就會(huì)寫錯(cuò)句子。在寫句子時(shí)應(yīng)特 別注意以下幾個(gè)方面: F \ / F I J 1注意及物與不及物動(dòng)詞的正確運(yùn)用。 誤:The living standard of the peopldia
55、s raisedin the past twenty years. 正: The living standard of the peopldias risen/has been raisech the past twenty years. 2?注意延續(xù)性與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的正確運(yùn)用。 誤:He has lefthis hometown for twenty years. ~ _ ■■ ■■ ■■ /■ I :;: 正: He has beenaway from his hometown for twenty years. 3. 注意一些不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。 誤: Many sta
56、rs are appearedin the sky at night. 正: Many stars appear in the sky at night. [綜合演練提能] I .以下句子含有考生常犯的錯(cuò)誤,請(qǐng)改正 1. Dr. Smith, together with his wife, are to arrive on the evening flight.are is who 2. 3. 4. The car hitted the old man and drived away.hitte€h hit;_drived—drove It is high time we
57、do something to reduce traffic accidents.-dodid 或在 do 前力口 should There are many students are planting trees on the hi去掉第二個(gè) are 或在 students后力口 5. Eat at school is very convenient for students. 句子改為:lt_is_very_convenient _for _students_to_eat_at_school. 6. It was Sunday, they all went for a picn
58、ic in the wood在逗號(hào)后加口 so或 was— being 7. Would you please meet my uncle at the airport because this is the first time visit to the?US 去掉time 8. While having our dinner, the doorbell rang. 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 在 having』力口 we_are或 the_doorbell_ranLwe_heard_the_doorbell_ringing 9. Recently our village has t
59、aken place great changes. 句子改為:Recently great_changes_have_taken_place_in_our_village. 10. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and he also likes collecting coins. he_also_likes_collecting_coinscollecting_coins_also_gives_him_pleasure n ■下面的考生作文中含有10處錯(cuò)誤,請(qǐng)改正 (2016南昌市第三次模擬)生活中,朋友間免不了會(huì)有沖突和誤會(huì),解決方法之一就是及時(shí)道 歉
60、。假如你是李華,Henry是你最要好的朋友,你們約好昨晚 7點(diǎn)半在新華書店門口見面??墒?由于媽媽在醫(yī)院看病,回家晚了,你得在家照顧妹妹。又因忘帶手機(jī)而沒能及時(shí)聯(lián)系到 Henry而 I J 失約了。請(qǐng)給Henry寫一封道歉信以化解誤會(huì)。 內(nèi)容包括: 嚴(yán)"j I 1. 表示歉意;2■解釋失約的原因;3■請(qǐng)求原諒。 注意:1■不得在文中出現(xiàn)作者的真實(shí)姓名; 2. 語句連貫,詞數(shù)100左右。作文的標(biāo)題、開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 A Letter of Apology Dear Henry, I am really sorry I won't let things l
61、ike that happen again. Yours, Li Hua [求診病文] A Letter of Apology Dear Henry, I ① I am really sorry that I can not meet you at 7 30 last night.②I do hope you didn't wait too long outside Xinhua Bookstore. ③ On yesterday afternoon, I had to look after my younger sister until my mother returned
62、back home.④ She was ill and stayed at the doctor's so that she arrived at home very lafbl ran all the way to the bus stop only finding the last bus had already le ⑥I had to call a taxi, but it was already half an hour later.⑦ I was going to call up you, but I had forgotten my mobile phone at home.⑧
63、Finally, I had no choice but to go back home, disappointing and sad. ⑨ I sincere hope that you will forgive me and we can be best friends as usUM won't let things like that happen again. Yours, Li Hua [診斷結(jié)果] 第①句:can^ could 第③句: On yesterda尸Yesterday;去掉 back 或 returned— came 第④句:去掉 arrived后面的 at
64、 第⑤句:finding—tg_find 第⑥句:later—late 第⑦句:call_up_yoi— call_you_up;_forgotter— lef_behind 亠一y I I I 第⑧句:disappointing— disappointed 第⑨句:sincere^sincerely 第二步 高級(jí)表達(dá)增分(用時(shí)9周) 閱卷時(shí),一篇高考作文往往在1分鐘內(nèi)就被判定生死,大眾化的詞匯、平庸的表達(dá)已使長(zhǎng)時(shí) 間工作的閱卷老師產(chǎn)生了視覺疲勞。在詞匯方面:如果一篇作文中突然出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)與眾不同、讓人 眼前一亮的詞匯,閱卷老師的給分也絕不會(huì)吝嗇;在句式方面:如果考生多運(yùn)用一些并
65、列句和復(fù) 合句等高級(jí)句式,并注意句式的靈活多變,使文章讀起來抑揚(yáng)頓挫,讓考生深厚的語言功底得以 體現(xiàn),閱卷老師一定會(huì)毫不猶豫地將你的作文定位于五檔線。 第四周不落俗套的亮點(diǎn)詞匯 寫作最基本的要求是考查考生遣詞造句的能力,遣詞的原則是表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確、地道自然、生動(dòng)形 象。如果考生在掌握了最基本詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上,能夠?qū)⒁恍┏S迷~匯進(jìn)行升華,就將成為高考作文 獲得高分的亮點(diǎn)之一。 一、使用亮點(diǎn)詞匯的4種方法 1. “語”眾不同,避免人云亦云 寫作時(shí),恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w地使用別人可能想不到的詞匯或表達(dá),會(huì)給閱卷老師耳目一新的感覺。 ① Of the two, I think the latter is the
66、 better. —Of the two, the latter wins my favor. (2015重慶高考寫作) ② I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travelsis interestingas I have read. 歡迎閱讀 歡迎閱讀 —I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travelsisch greatfun as I have read. (2015安徽高考書面表達(dá)) 2. 更新?lián)Q代,避免重復(fù) 寫作時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù)使用相同的詞語,要用貼切多樣的詞語來展示自己的水平。用詞不同、 表達(dá)方式迥異,也是高級(jí)用法。 ① We may have different opinions in organizing class activities. We may hadfferent ways to deal with such a situation. —We m
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