2017屆高三英語循序?qū)懽?每周一卷-步步登高)

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1、word 第一步從寫對句子開始(用時(shí)3周) 寫作中寫對句子是最基本的要求，其中最重要的一點(diǎn)是句子結(jié)構(gòu)要完整。所以，同學(xué)們在平時(shí)訓(xùn)練時(shí)一定要從掌握最基本的句子成分和基本句式做起，通過觀摩、背誦、仿寫，最終寫出準(zhǔn)確無誤的句子。在高考中即使你的作文不能寫得漂漂亮亮、洋氣十足，也一定要寫得像模像樣，硬傷不多！所以學(xué)寫作，要先從最基本的句子抓起。 第一周　各司其職的8大句子成分 句子由各個(gè)組成部分構(gòu)成，這些組成部分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語、表語和同位語等。 一、主語——句子的主體 主語是句子的主體，是句子所要說明的人或事物，表示句子描述的是誰或

2、什么。更確切地說，主語是說明謂語所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的執(zhí)行者。主語通常由名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞(短語)或從句等充當(dāng)。 The most obvious problem in our class is lack of interaction and teamwork.(2015·高考讀寫任務(wù)) 我們班最明顯的問題是缺少互動(dòng)和協(xié)作。(名詞短語作主語) [即時(shí)演練]　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 1．有時(shí)放棄一些東西可能意味著得到的更多。(動(dòng)名詞短語作主語) Sometimes giving_up_a_little can mean getting more.(201

3、5·高考書面表達(dá)) 2．如何與別人友好相處是你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)的第二件事。(不定式短語作主語) How_to_get_along_well_with_others is the second thing you should learn.(2014·高考滿分作文) 3．我打算告訴你的是關(guān)于我們學(xué)校向你們中文班贈(zèng)書之事。(從句作主語) What_I_am_going_to_tell_you is about the book donation from our school to your Chinese class.(2015·高考滿分作文) 二、謂語——主語的行為 謂語用來描述主語的行

4、為動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(短語)可以單獨(dú)作謂語，有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化；系動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語，系表結(jié)構(gòu)才可以作謂語；助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也不能單獨(dú)作謂語，“助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋實(shí)義動(dòng)詞”可以作謂語。 Half an hour later, I managed to find the right answer.(2015·高考短文寫作) 半小時(shí)后，我設(shè)法找到了正確答案。(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語) [即時(shí)演練]　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 1．我認(rèn)為今天的孩子應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)著尊敬長輩。(“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋定義動(dòng)詞”作謂語) I think today's children should_learn to respe

5、ct their elders. 2．手表在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪惺潜匾?，但它的功能太簡單呆板了?系表結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語) The watch is_necessary in our daily life, but its function is_too_simple_and_dull.(2014·高考滿分作文) 三、賓語——?jiǎng)幼鞯膶ο? 賓語是動(dòng)作的對象或承受者，一般位于及物動(dòng)詞和介詞的后面。可以用作賓語的有：名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和從句等。 I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.(2015·高考書面表達(dá)

6、) 我設(shè)法說服我的同學(xué)們接受我的想法。(不定式作賓語) [即時(shí)演練]　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 1．我真的希望你能給我一些如何學(xué)習(xí)英語的好的建議。(從句作賓語) I really hope that_you_can_give_me_some_good_advice on how to study English.(2015·高考書面表達(dá)) 2．他突然想在啟程之前再看看這座城市的美景。(動(dòng)名詞作賓語) Suddenly he thought of seeing_the_beautiful_views_of_the_city_again before setting out. 四、表語

7、——主語的特征 表語與前面的系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(系表結(jié)構(gòu))，用來說明主語的特征、類屬、狀態(tài)、身份等。可以用作表語的有：名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式(短語)、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語和從句等。 Although the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it.(2015·高考短文寫作) 盡管答案有些奇怪，但只有我對此產(chǎn)生了懷疑。(形容詞作表語) [即時(shí)演練]　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 幾分鐘過去了，但是整個(gè)班級一片寂靜。(介詞短語作表語) Several minutes passed but t

8、he whole class was in_plete_silence.(2015·高考書面表達(dá)) 五、定語——名詞的修飾語 定語是用來描述名詞的品質(zhì)與特征的修飾語，它常和名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語?？梢杂米鞫ㄕZ的有：形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語和從句等。 Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life,which must be very interesting.(2015·高考書面表達(dá)) 最后，我要問一些關(guān)于他個(gè)人生活的問題，這一定很有趣。(從句作定語) [即時(shí)演練]

9、　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 彼此坦誠相待是交友的最好方法。(不定式短語作定語) Being honest with each other is the best way to_make_friends. 六、狀語——?jiǎng)釉~、形容詞、副詞或句子的修飾語 狀語是用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子的一種成分?？梢杂米鳡钫Z的有：副詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和從句等。 Time permitting,I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a be

10、tter relationship.(2014·全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文) 時(shí)間允許的話，我希望有更多的業(yè)余時(shí)間和朋友一起度過，這樣我們就會(huì)有更加良好的關(guān)系。 (獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和從句作狀語) [即時(shí)演練]　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 1．旅行了一周后，他回到了家，感到很累但很高興。(形容詞作狀語) After a week's trip, he returned home, tired_but_very_happy. 2．為了解決這個(gè)問題，我和同學(xué)們進(jìn)行了討論，想出了一個(gè)建議并匯報(bào)給了校長。(不定式短語作狀語) In_order_to_solve_this_problem,_my classma

11、tes and I discussed it and came up with a suggestion and later reported to the headmaster.(2014·高考滿分作文) 七、補(bǔ)足語——賓語或主語的補(bǔ)充說明 補(bǔ)足語是用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語或主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等的一種句子成分。補(bǔ)充說明主語意義的句子成分叫做主語補(bǔ)足語；補(bǔ)充說明賓語意義的句子成分叫做賓語補(bǔ)足語?？梢杂米餮a(bǔ)足語的有：形容詞、名詞、不定式、分詞和介詞短語等。 ①Hopefully, these books will help the students to know and learn Chinese

12、 better.(2015·高考書面表達(dá)) 這些書籍有望幫助同學(xué)們更好地認(rèn)識和理解漢語。(不定式短語作賓補(bǔ)) ②Our country will be made more and more beautiful if we try our best. 如果我們竭盡全力，我們的國家將會(huì)變得越來越美麗。(形容詞作主補(bǔ)) [即時(shí)演練]　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 科普書能幫助我們學(xué)生對科學(xué)和自然更感興趣。(不定式作賓補(bǔ)) Popular science books can help us students to_bee_more_interested_in_ science _and_na

13、ture.(2014·高考滿分作文) 八、同位語——同等重要的修飾語 對句子中的某一成分作進(jìn)一步解釋、說明，與前面的成分在語法上處于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位語。可以用作同位語的有：名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和從句等。 We are going to the local nursing home for the ing Double Ninth Festival, a holiday for us to show our respect for the elderly.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文) 我們打算去當(dāng)?shù)匾患揖蠢显哼^即將到來的重陽節(jié)，該節(jié)日顯示了我們對老年人

14、的尊重。(名詞作同位語) [即時(shí)演練]　根據(jù)括號的提示完成句子 一方面，我非常自信能在考試中做好；另一方面，我感覺有點(diǎn)緊，盡管考試并不難。(從句作同位語) On the one hand, I have strong belief that_I_will_do_well_in_the_exam;_on the other hand, I feel a bit nervous, though it's not difficult.(2014·高考書面表達(dá)) [綜合演練提能]　 Ⅰ.分析句子成分 1. ①狀語②主語③謂語④賓語⑤狀語 2. ①狀語?、谥髡Z?、壑^語?、苜e語

15、 3. ①主語?、谥^語?、圪e語?、苜e補(bǔ)　⑤狀語 4. ①主語?、诙ㄕZ　③謂語(系動(dòng)詞＋表語) 5. ①狀語?、谥髡Z　③謂語?、苤餮a(bǔ) 6. ①主語　②謂語　③同位語 Ⅱ.按要求完成小作文 (2016·東北三校高三聯(lián)考)Good morning, everyone！It's my honor ①to_be_here_to _make_a_short_speech (在這里作一個(gè)簡短的報(bào)告，用不定式短語作真正主語和狀語)． Recently I have found ②that_some_of_our_classmates_can't_study_effectivel

16、y (我們一些同學(xué)不能有效地學(xué)習(xí)，用賓語從句)．Some can't help falling asleep in class, ③because_they_often_study_too_late_into_the_night (因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)到深夜，用狀語從句). Others seldom have sports, ④which_surely_does_harm_to_their_health (這確實(shí)對他們的健康有害，用定語從句)． As we know, enough sleep is ⑤of_great_importance(非常重要，用介詞短語作表語) for us Seni

17、or 3 students. We can concentrate our mind in class with sufficient sleep, so we should try to make wise use of our time, ⑥making_a_balance_between_work_and_leisure (在學(xué)習(xí)和休息上取得平衡，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語). Besides, ⑦doing_proper_exercise_every_day (每天適當(dāng)?shù)劐憻?，用?dòng)名詞作主語) can benefit us a lot, keeping fit, reducing stress

18、and so on. Let's spare some time ⑧to_do_all_kinds_of_sports (做各種運(yùn)動(dòng)，用不定式短語作狀語). And only in this way can we keep a good mood and study well. That's all. Thank you for listening! 第二周　萬變不離其宗的5種基本句式 句子成分構(gòu)成了英語中各種各樣的句子，其實(shí)英語中最基本的句式只有五種，其他各種句式都是由這五種基本句式演變而來。五種基本句式如下： 一、主語＋謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞) 該句式常用來表示主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

19、其特點(diǎn)為：句子的謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思，這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。 ①This_campwill open on July 20th. (2015·高考書面表達(dá)) 訓(xùn)練營將于7月20號開始。 ②Bathed in the sunshine, wejumped and cheered with joy.(2013·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 沐浴在陽光中，我們高興得歡呼雀躍。 [即時(shí)演練]　完成句子 1．為了保持健康，我們應(yīng)該定期鍛煉。 In order to keep fit, we_should_exercise_regularly. 2．因此

20、，這種新鞋最近才問世。 Therefore, this_new_kind_of_shoes_has_e_into_being recently.(2014·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 3．這里高樓林立、綠樹成蔭。 Here many_high_buildings_have_appeared with green trees growing quickly. 二、主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋賓語 該句式特點(diǎn)為：謂語動(dòng)詞均為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，都是主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟一個(gè)賓語(賓語可以由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式等來充當(dāng))，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。 ①Iappreciat

21、edmy maths teacher's praise and encouragement very much.(2015·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 我非常感謝我的數(shù)學(xué)老師的稱贊和鼓勵(lì)。 ②At the age of twelve, Igota nice bike as a birthday gift.(2014·某某高考寫作) 十二歲時(shí)，我得到了一輛漂亮的自行車作為生日禮物。 [點(diǎn)津]　該句式的謂語動(dòng)詞要用及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞短語。 ③As an outgoing girl, Iget along well withmy classmates.(2015·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 作為一名外向

22、的女孩，我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。 [即時(shí)演練]　完成句子 1．最后，我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常參加運(yùn)動(dòng)和戶外活動(dòng)。 Finally, we_should_take_part_in_sports_and_outdoor_activities frequently.(2014·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 2．最近幾年，我們已經(jīng)互相培養(yǎng)了良好的友誼。 Over the years, we_have_developed_a_good_friendship with each other. 三、主語＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語 該句式就是常說的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。此句式側(cè)重說明主語是什么或怎么樣，謂語動(dòng)詞需用系動(dòng)詞(主要是be動(dòng)詞)，

23、表語多為形容詞，也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式及分詞等。 ①The_“Foreign_Cultures”_section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.(2015·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá)) 我們報(bào)紙的“外國文化”欄目非常受我們學(xué)生的歡迎。 ②Such_a_positive_attitude towards life can behelpful in lifting your spirits.(2014·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 這種對生活的積極態(tài)度有助于振奮你的情緒。 [即時(shí)演練]　完成句子 1．在我看來，一個(gè)沒有朋友的人

24、永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)幸福。 In my opinion, a person without friends can_never_be_happy.(2014·某某高考寫作) 2．總之，我的生活會(huì)越來越豐富多彩。 In a word, my_life_will_be_much_richer_and_more_colorful.(2014·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá)) 3．總而言之，鄉(xiāng)村生活比城市生活對健康更有利。 In conclusion, country_life_is_more_beneficial to health than city life. 四、主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋間接賓語＋直接賓語

25、 該句式中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。一個(gè)是表示人的間接賓語；一個(gè)是表示物的直接賓語。一般間接賓語在前面，直接賓語在后面。 ①First heshowedusthe basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.(2015·高考書面表達(dá)) 首先他向我們展示了做面人的基本步驟和技能。 ②At the same time, parentsare givingtheir childrentoo much protection.(2013·某某高考滿分作文) 同時(shí)，父母給孩子的保護(hù)太多了。 [即時(shí)演練]　完成句子 1．格林

26、先生將就如何學(xué)好英語給我們作一場報(bào)告。 Mr._Green_will_give_us_a_speech on how to learn English well. 2．幸運(yùn)的是，她答應(yīng)給我一個(gè)重新面試的機(jī)會(huì)。 Fortunately, she_promised_me_another_chance to interview. 五、主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語 該句式中的謂語雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來說明賓語，才能使意思完整。賓語補(bǔ)足語是用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的情況的，直接跟在賓語之后。 ①Your_contributionw

27、ill certainly makethe eventa huge success.(2014·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 你的貢獻(xiàn)將會(huì)使得這次活動(dòng)獲得巨大成功。 ②Obviously, a_good_learning_habitcan helpusto speed up to reach our destinations.(2013·某某高考滿分作文) 顯而易見，一個(gè)好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣能幫助我們盡快達(dá)到我們的目標(biāo)。 [即時(shí)演練]　完成句子 1．作為一名中學(xué)生，我認(rèn)為英語是一門非常重要的科目。 As a high school student, I_consider_English_a_very

28、_important_subject. 2．從古代起，人們就把早起視為好習(xí)慣。 People have_regarded_getting_up_early_as_a_good_habit since ancient times. [綜合演練提能]　 Ⅰ.判斷下列句子所屬的類型 1．In other words, we are the master of our own future. 主語＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語 2．This morning our teacher told us something about the Hope Project in class. 主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞

29、)＋間接賓語＋直接賓語 3．A blind man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand. 主語＋謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞) 4．Should we sacrifice our children's future for our own interests? 主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋賓語 5．Friends made my life full of excitement, imagination and romance. 主語＋謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語 Ⅱ.按要求完成句子 1．現(xiàn)在在中學(xué)里課外活動(dòng)正

30、變得越來越普及。(主語＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語) Nowadays after-class activities are_being_more_and_more_popular in high schools. 2．我們尚未決定什么時(shí)候再討論這個(gè)問題。(主語＋謂語＋賓語) We haven't decided when_to_discuss_the_problem_again. 3．奶奶昨晚給我講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。(主語＋謂語＋間接賓語＋直接賓語) Granny told_me_a_very_interesting_story last night. 4．每天早上我們都能聽到他大聲朗讀英語。

31、(主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語) Every morning we hear him read_English_aloud. 5．早睡早起是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。(主語＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語，動(dòng)名詞作主語) Going_to_bed_early_and_getting_up_early is a good habit. 6．最近10年，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。(主語＋謂語) Great_changes_have_taken_place in my hometown in the past ten years. 7．你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)英語是通往如此豐富知識的橋梁。(主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語) You wil

32、l find English_a_bridge to so much knowledge. 8．我真的很感謝你過來幫我補(bǔ)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。(主語＋謂語＋賓語，動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語) I really appreciate_your_ing_over to help me with my math. Ⅲ.按要求完成下列題目 (Ⅰ)用簡單句翻譯下列各句，并標(biāo)出所屬的基本句式 1．你已經(jīng)讓我了解了你們美麗的城市。 You've_let_me_know_about_your_beautiful_city.(主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語) 2. 我將要告訴你有關(guān)我的家鄉(xiāng)江城的一些事情。 I'll

33、_tell_you_something_about_my_hometown_Jiangcheng.(主語＋謂語＋間接賓語＋直接賓語) 3．這座城市位于長江沿岸。 The_city_stands_on_the_bank_of_the_Yangtze_River.(主語＋謂語) 4．它是一個(gè)供人們居住的美麗的地方。 It_is_a_beautiful_place_for_people_to_live_in.(主語＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語) 5．近十年來它的經(jīng)濟(jì)一直在迅猛發(fā)展。 Its_economy_has_been_developing_rapidly_in_the_past_ten_year

34、s.(主語＋謂語) 6．像污染一樣的新問題正變得越來越嚴(yán)重。 _New_problems,_such_as_pollution_are_being_more_and_more_serious.(主語＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語) 7．江城應(yīng)該科學(xué)地發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)。 Jiangcheng_should_develop_its_economy_scientifically._(主語＋謂語＋賓語) 8．這種發(fā)展應(yīng)該使得人們越來越幸福。 The_development_should_make_its_people_happier_and_happier.(主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語) (Ⅱ)適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)用

35、6個(gè)簡單句將(Ⅰ)中的句子合并成一篇短文 You've_let_me_know_about_your_beautiful_city._Now_I'll_tell_you_something_about_my_hometown_Jiangcheng._The_city_stands_on_the_bank_of_the_Yangtze_River,_a_ beautiful_place_for_people_to_live_in._Its_economy_has_been_developing_rapidly_in_the_ past_ten_years._However,_new_pro

36、blems,_such_as_pollution_are_being_more_and_ more_serious._Jiangcheng_should_develop_its_economy_scientifically_so_as_to_make_its_ people_happier_and_happier. 第三周　考場作文常見的3類錯(cuò)誤及防X措施 一、考場作文常見的3類錯(cuò)誤 考場作文常見的錯(cuò)誤主要分為三類：詞匯類錯(cuò)誤、語法類錯(cuò)誤和漢語式英語。 (一)詞匯類錯(cuò)誤 考試時(shí)，我們很容易出現(xiàn)單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤和詞形變化錯(cuò)誤；而詞性不清和詞匯用法方面的錯(cuò)誤主要還是受漢語的影響。其應(yīng)對措

37、施是在備考時(shí)要多注意容易拼錯(cuò)或容易出現(xiàn)詞形變化的單詞，真正用心去體會(huì)英語詞匯的詞性和運(yùn)用，對一些固定習(xí)語更不能想當(dāng)然地改動(dòng)。 1．單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤 誤：Our English teacher is friendly but very strick with us students. 正：Our English teacher is friendly but verystrictwith us students. 2．詞形變化錯(cuò)誤 誤：People throwed cans, paper, bags and so on into the river water. 正：Peoplethre

38、wcans, paper, bags and so on into the river water. 3．詞性不清錯(cuò)誤 誤：Doing a part-time job always effects study. 正：Doing a part-time job always affects study. 4．詞匯用法錯(cuò)誤 誤：He opened the light after he entered the room. 正：Heturned on the light after he entered the room. 5．擅自改動(dòng)習(xí)語 誤：We lost the game, bu

39、t we didn't lose our heart. 正：We lost the game, but we didn'tlose heart. [即時(shí)演練]　改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤 1．We must try our best to prevent the enviroment from being polluted. enviroment→environment 2．There is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with writen English. writen→written 3．Durin

40、g my summer vacation, I spent half a month in the country and played very happy. happy→happily 4．We must notice our pronunciation when we speak English.notice→pay_attention_to 5．Just in the front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years.in_the_front_of→in_front_of_ (二)語法類錯(cuò)誤

41、 一個(gè)正確的句子除了用詞得當(dāng)外，語法也應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)確無誤。如果語法不正確，再好的構(gòu)思也難以正確地表達(dá)，語法錯(cuò)誤的多少會(huì)直接影響作文的檔次。英語寫作中語法類錯(cuò)誤主要表現(xiàn)在：時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤、非謂語動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤、主謂一致錯(cuò)誤、比較級使用錯(cuò)誤、多余的詞以及平行錯(cuò)誤等。 1．時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤 誤：Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. 正：Children who are raised in poor families can ge

42、nerally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. 2．非謂語動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤 誤：paring with other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution. 正：paredwith other countries, the country pays little attention to the pollution. 3．主謂一致錯(cuò)誤 誤：My hobby is widespread, which include draw

43、ing, collecting stamps and so on. 正：My hobby is widespread, which includes drawing, collecting stamps and so on. 4．比較級使用錯(cuò)誤 誤：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be gettingmore andmore smaller. 正：With the development of transportation, the world seems to be getting smaller

44、andsmaller. 5．多余的詞 誤：On one day,he went to the cinema. 正：One day,he went to the cinema. 6．平行錯(cuò)誤 誤：Then I put my book under my desk, opening it and started looking for the answer. 正：Then I put my book under my desk, opened it and started looking for the answer. [即時(shí)演練]　改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤 1．In the morni

45、ng, we had bicycled to the suburbs to plant trees.去掉had 2．Not only Tom but also I are tired of one examination after another.are→am more→much或去掉more__ 4．There have been more and more road accidents happened in recent years.happened→happening 5．More and more people entered into the hall, so it be

46、came crowded.去掉into (三)漢語式英語 一般來說，英漢兩種語言既有許多相似之處，又有許多不同之處。在寫作時(shí)如果想當(dāng)然地去寫，會(huì)出現(xiàn)許多漢語式英語，其中主要包括：純漢語式思維和漢語式語序、句子成分殘缺、句子粘連以及搭配不當(dāng)?shù)取? 1．純漢語式思維和漢語式語序 誤：At this school studying, I really very happy. 正：Studying at this school, I am really very happy. 2．句子成分殘缺 誤：There are many students don't support the proj

47、ect. 正：There are many students who don't support the project. 3．句子粘連 誤：On the other hand, dogs are our best friends, bring us a lot of fun. 正：On the other hand, dogs are our best friends, which/and bring us a lot of fun. 4．搭配不當(dāng) 誤：We walked a far way before planting trees. 正：We walked a long w

48、ay before planting trees. 誤：Under the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English. 正：With the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English. [即時(shí)演練]　改正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤 1．We are impossible to finish the work in such a short time.We_are_impossible→It_ is_impossible_for_us

49、 2．It's known that the cost in big cities is very expensive.expensive→high 3．He has greatly improved his spoken English by this way.by→in或way→means 4．I haven't heard from your letter for a long time and I miss you very much. your_letter→you 5．He has three sons, all of them work in Beijing.在逗號后加

50、and或them→whom 二、防X出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的2個(gè)措施 寫對句子是作文得高分的關(guān)鍵和保證，考場上要避免上述低級錯(cuò)誤，可采取以下兩個(gè)措施。 (一)確定主語 英語句子無論多長都有自己的主語(祈使句省略了主語you)。動(dòng)手寫句子首先要確定主語，其次要特別注意漢語與英語的區(qū)別。例如： ①八月多雨。 誤：Beijing rains much in August. 正：It rains much in Beijing in August. ②寫得很匆忙，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)書中滿是錯(cuò)誤。 誤：Written in a hurry, we found the book full of mistakes

51、. 正：Written in a hurry,the book was found full of mistakes (by us)． (二)確定謂語動(dòng)詞 英語中沒有動(dòng)詞就構(gòu)不成句子，但動(dòng)詞千變?nèi)f化，稍不注意就會(huì)寫錯(cuò)句子。在寫句子時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意以下幾個(gè)方面： 1．注意及物與不及物動(dòng)詞的正確運(yùn)用。 誤：The living standard of the people has raised in the past twenty years. 正：The living standard of the people has risen/has been raised in the past

52、 twenty years. 2．注意延續(xù)性與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的正確運(yùn)用。 誤：Hehas lefthis hometown for twenty years. 正：Hehas been away from his hometown for twenty years. 3．注意一些不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。 誤：Many stars are appeared in the sky at night. 正：Many stars appear in the sky at night. [綜合演練提能]　 Ⅰ.以下句子含有考生常犯的錯(cuò)誤，請改正 1．Dr. Smith, together

53、 with his wife, are to arrive on the evening flight.are→is 2．The car hitted the old man and drived away.hitted→hit;_drived→drove 3．It is high time we do something to reduce traffic accidents.do→did或在do前加should 4．There are many students are planting trees on the hill.去掉第二個(gè)are或在students后加who 5．Eat

54、 at school is very convenient for students. 句子改為：It_is_very_convenient_for_students_to_eat_at_school. 6．It was Sunday, they all went for a piic in the woods.在逗號后加so或was→being 7．Would you please meet my uncle at the airport because this is the first time visit to the US？去掉time 8．While having our

55、dinner, the doorbell rang. 在having_前加we_are或the_doorbell_rang→we_heard_the_doorbell_ringing 9．Recently our village has taken place great changes. 句子改為：Recently_great_changes_have_taken_place_in_our_village. 10．Fishing is his favorite hobby, and he also likes collecting coins. he_also_likes_co

56、llecting_coins→collecting_coins_also_gives_him_pleasure Ⅱ.下面的考生作文中含有10處錯(cuò)誤，請改正 (2016·某某市第三次模擬)生活中，朋友間免不了會(huì)有沖突和誤會(huì)，解決方法之一就是及時(shí)道歉。假如你是李華，Henry是你最要好的朋友，你們約好昨晚7點(diǎn)半在新華書店門口見面?？墒怯捎趮寢屧卺t(yī)院看病，回家晚了，你得在家照顧妹妹。又因忘帶手機(jī)而沒能及時(shí)聯(lián)系到Henry而失約了。請給Henry寫一封道歉信以化解誤會(huì)。 內(nèi)容包括： 1．表示歉意；2.解釋失約的原因；3.請求原諒。 注意：1.不得在文中出現(xiàn)作者的真實(shí)某某； 2．語句連貫，詞

57、數(shù)100左右。作文的標(biāo)題、開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 A Letter of Apology Dear Henry， I am really sorry _____________________________________________________________ I won't let things like that happen again. Yours， Li Hua [求診病文] A Letter of Apology Dear Henry， ①I am really sorry that I can not meet you at 7：

58、30 last night. ②I do hope you didn't wait too long outside Xinhua Bookstore. ③On yesterday afternoon, I had to look after my younger sister until my mother returned back home. ④She was ill and stayed at the doctor's so that she arrived at home very late. ⑤I ran all the way to the bus stop only find

59、ing the last bus had already left. ⑥I had to call a taxi, but it was already half an hour later. ⑦I was going to call up you, but I had forgotten my mobile phone at home. ⑧Finally, I had no choice but to go back home, disappointing and sad. ⑨I sincere hope that you will forgive me and we can be bes

60、t friends as usual. ⑩I won't let things like that happen again. Yours， Li Hua [診斷結(jié)果] 第①句：can→could 第③句：On_yesterday→Yesterday;_去掉back或returned→came 第④句：去掉arrived后面的at 第⑤句：finding→to_find 第⑥句：later→late 第⑦句：call_up_you→call_you_up;_forgotten→left_behind 第⑧句：disappointing→disappointed 第⑨句：s

61、incere→sincerely 第二步高級表達(dá)增分(用時(shí)9周) 閱卷時(shí)，一篇高考作文往往在1分鐘內(nèi)就被判定生死，大眾化的詞匯、平庸的表達(dá)已使長時(shí)間工作的閱卷老師產(chǎn)生了視覺疲勞。在詞匯方面：如果一篇作文中突然出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)與眾不同、讓人眼前一亮的詞匯，閱卷老師的給分也絕不會(huì)吝嗇；在句式方面：如果考生多運(yùn)用一些并列句和復(fù)合句等高級句式，并注意句式的靈活多變，使文章讀起來抑揚(yáng)頓挫，讓考生深厚的語言功底得以體現(xiàn)，閱卷老師一定會(huì)毫不猶豫地將你的作文定位于五檔線。 第四周　不落俗套的亮點(diǎn)詞匯 寫作最基本的要求是考查考生遣詞造句的能力，遣詞的原則是表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確、地道自然、生動(dòng)形象。如果考生在掌握了最基本詞匯

62、的基礎(chǔ)上，能夠?qū)⒁恍┏Ｓ迷~匯進(jìn)行升華，就將成為高考作文獲得高分的亮點(diǎn)之一。 一、使用亮點(diǎn)詞匯的4種方法 1．“語”眾不同，避免人云亦云 寫作時(shí)，恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w地使用別人可能想不到的詞匯或表達(dá)，會(huì)給閱卷老師耳目一新的感覺。 ①Of the two,I think the latter is the better. →Of the two, the latter wins my favor. (2015·某某高考寫作) ②I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is so interes

63、tingas I have read. →I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such greatfun as I have read. (2015·某某高考書面表達(dá)) 2．更新?lián)Q代，避免重復(fù) 寫作時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù)使用相同的詞語，要用貼切多樣的詞語來展示自己的水平。用詞不同、表達(dá)方式迥異，也是高級用法。 ①We may have differentopinions in organizing class activities. We may have differentw

64、ays to deal with such a situation. →We may have differentopinions in organizing class activities. We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.(2015·某某高考書面表達(dá)) ②We've built a new experiment building beside the old one and we've also built a library where the old playground used to be. →

65、We've built a new experiment building beside the old one and we've also set up a library where the old playground used to be. 3．單詞與短語巧妙互用 一般情況下短語優(yōu)先，應(yīng)多使用短語、習(xí)語來代替一些單詞，以增加文采。但有時(shí)單詞比短語更生動(dòng)，可以“一詞傳神”。 ①Q(mào)uite a few things caused the traffic problem. →Quite a few things gave rise to the traffic problem.

66、(2015·某某高考書面表達(dá)) ②We should try to improve ourselves through learning and prepare for the future. →We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. (2015·某某高考書面表達(dá)) ③We can look atthis problem in many ways. →We can view this problem in many ways.(view比look at更有“內(nèi)涵”) ④We alllive on one and the same planet. →We all share one and the same planet.(share比live on更有“味感”) 4．用高年級學(xué)到的詞匯代替低年級學(xué)到的詞匯 為了表現(xiàn)自己的語言功底，吸引閱卷老師的眼球，應(yīng)避免反復(fù)使用初中或小學(xué)階段學(xué)過的詞匯，盡量用高中階段學(xué)到的詞匯來代替。 ①