高考英語短文改錯專項練習試題.docx

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高考英語短文改錯專項練習試題 【命題趨向】 短文改錯是一項主要測試考生的判斷能力，觀察能力、糾錯能力語言基礎(chǔ)知識及語言的綜合運用能力。 短文改錯的趨勢： 1.改錯短文以記敘文和說明文為主 。 2.文章內(nèi)容貼近學生生活，沒有生僻詞匯和復雜的結(jié)構(gòu)，文章簡單易懂，錯誤設(shè)置也很簡單，多為學生平常作文中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤。 3.短文一般100詞左右，錯誤有9處。 4.常見錯有三種:錯詞、多詞、 缺詞。錯詞占60%左右 【錯誤類型】 1. 錯詞 2. 多詞 3. 缺詞 4. 正錯 【考點透視】 一．錯詞的熱點 1． 動詞—時態(tài) 語態(tài) 非謂語 ；主謂關(guān)系。 2． 聯(lián)系詞—關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞；連詞；連接詞。 3． 名詞—可數(shù)名詞 、不可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名字的單復數(shù)變化。 4． 介詞—介詞和動詞的搭配錯誤。 5． 形容詞/副詞—詞類錯用。 6． 冠詞—定冠詞和不定冠詞的錯用。 7． 代詞—人稱代詞；物主代詞；反身代詞。 8． 慣用法—固定句型，固定短語。 二．多詞和缺詞熱點 1. 冠詞 2.介詞 3.副詞 4.代詞 5.關(guān)聯(lián)詞 6.小品詞 to 【短文改錯主要特點】 1. 語言材料取自于學生的習作。 2. 短文為貼近學生生活的話題或?qū)W生身邊事。 3. 短文難度符合學生水平。 4. 語言簡單易懂。 5. 沒有生僻的語言現(xiàn)象或繁難的語句結(jié)構(gòu)。 【例題解析】 一． 錯詞 1.動詞錯誤：時態(tài)和語態(tài)、主謂一致的錯誤。 【1】整體時態(tài)： 全文為故事，故ask改為asked。 *High over the water, they discover a hole in the balloon.The hole became bigger and bigger. 全篇使用過去時態(tài)，故改discover- -discovered 【2】主謂一致 *Having fun with their friends make them happy. 動名詞短語做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式makes。 *But the most wonderful thing about jack were his musical ability。 主語為the most wonderful thing 故此，系詞為was *But not all information are good to society. 主語不可數(shù)，所以動詞用is。 （2.）動詞錯誤： *In American big cities, thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games.(buy) 根據(jù)句子意思，數(shù)千人買票去看比賽。故sell改為 buy。 （3）非謂語動詞 【1】動名詞錯誤 *I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future.(seeing) 解析：to 為介詞，故此see改為seeing * Not only play football makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 解析：主語應(yīng)為動名詞，故play football改為playing football 【2】現(xiàn)在分詞 解析：分詞做定語，故keeps 改為keeping *I found a small house standing in a field with a light shone from the sitting room. 解析：with a light shone 改為with a light shining。a light和shining為主動關(guān)系。 【3】不定式 *He did not want share things with others. 解析：want to share sth. want后可跟不定式做賓語。 【4】過去分詞 *I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts. 解析：have sth done, some records和give是被動關(guān)系，故改為given。 2．連詞錯誤： *I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light. 解析：根據(jù)句意，“我看到他們中的一個人走進廚房，并且打開燈。”兩個分句子之間是并列關(guān)系。故改but為and *We would return at night to hear that he`d picked up from the radio in the day. 解析：考查賓語從句，pick up 缺賓語，故改that 為what *The classes helped me understand what the world works 解析：根據(jù)句子意思，“這些課程有助于我了解世界是怎么運轉(zhuǎn)的”故改what 為how。 *He was silent for a moment. So he answered slowly: “Each of these lines stands for a trouble” 解析：根據(jù)句子意思，So 改為 Then/And 3.形容詞/副詞錯用：*You always gave me specially attention. 解析：名詞應(yīng)該被形容詞special修飾。 *It is real a good chance to have met all of you here. 解析：副詞really修飾系詞，故改real為really。 *My hometown has taken on a new look.How great it has changed ! 解析：great修飾動詞，故改為：greatly 4.冠詞錯誤： *This is my first visit to a American family.(an) 解析：American 第一個音標的音素是元音，故用an. *Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. 解析：有定語修飾，the特指captain. *Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. 解析：固定搭配catch sight of.故此去掉冠詞a。 5.代詞錯誤： 【1】反身代詞 *I just smiled to me and thought, …解析：主語和賓語相同，故此me—myself 。 【2】形容詞性物主代詞 *Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities lively and interesting.(his --their) 解析：主語是第三人稱復數(shù)，因此try one`s best 【3】it/that/them /us *I thought that was dull to watch a game in which players kicked a ball to each other. 解析：that不可以做形式主語，故改為it。 *It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited.前后人稱錯誤。故此改them為us. 6.名詞單復數(shù)和名詞的所有格的錯誤 *She marked strictly on student`s performance.(students`) 解析：根據(jù)句意，學生們的表演，故改為students` performance *Physics is one of the most difficult subject for us (subjects ) 解析：one of說明后面為復數(shù)形式。 *We practice three times every week and often watch football match on TV together. 解析：常?？幢荣?，故此match改為matches. * I have no papers to write on.解析：紙不可數(shù)，所以改為paper 7.介詞錯誤 *He left Shanghai at a cold night.解析：一天的部分被修飾時，介詞用on, * I was caught by the rain last night 解析：固定短語be caught in the rain 遇上雨。 8.語意錯誤 *Thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games. 解析：句子意思：數(shù)千人賣掉票去看足球或者籃球比賽。故此錯誤，sell—buy *Not all people like to work and everyone like to play. 解析：句子意思：并非所有的人都喜歡工作，并且所有的人喜歡玩。語意錯誤，應(yīng)該為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，and—but 。 二．多余詞 多詞一般為：冠詞/連詞/介詞/系詞be 助詞等。 【1】連詞多余： *They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning. 解析：連詞多余，故此去掉 (that)，原句是狀語從句。 【2】介詞多余： *The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised.(for) 解析：沒有賓語，所以去掉for。 【3】冠詞多余： *Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. 解析：固定短語，catch sight of :偶然看見。 【4】系詞/助詞多余： *My mother was asked : “Have you taken medicine ?” 解析：根據(jù)句意，是媽媽問：故為主動語態(tài)。 三：缺詞 缺詞一般為：冠詞/連詞/介詞/系詞be 助詞/ 【1】缺介詞 *He was looking for a glass ^the cupboard (in) 解析：根據(jù)句意，in the cupboard 做狀語。 【2】缺冠詞 *However, the popular teacher is at^ same time the one who should be strict with students.(the) 解析：形容詞same 和the 搭配使用,故給same前加 the。 【3】缺連接詞 *In one class, I learned^ it rained (why) 解析：根據(jù)句子意思可知，缺連接詞，句意為：“在一節(jié)課上，我知道了下雨的原因”。 【4】缺系詞 *What ^your favorite sport ? (is) 解析：句子中缺系詞，在What加is. （1）短文改錯（共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分） 下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在該漏字符號下寫上該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（ \ ）劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該橫線下寫上修改后的詞。 注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。 Last Saturday, mom and I went to buy a down jacket for my grandpa. When we got to a big store, we saw down jackets of vary colours and styles. There were so many of them that it spent us quite a while to decide which one to buy. Finally, under the help of the shop assistant, he selected a black thick jacket for grandpa. Immediately, we returned back home to show itto my grandpa. Seeing it, he was very happy and couldn’t wait to put on. But we were annoyingto find something was wrong with the zipper. Hurriedly, I took it back to the store and explained the shop assistant the problem .To my satisfaction, she is very kind and helped me choose another one patiently. Stand in front of the mirror, my grandpa looked at himself in the new coat, smiling contently. How delighted I was! （2）短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） This morning I found red wallet on the campus. Girls usual like red, so I believed the wallet was belonged to a girl student. I opened it, try to find out whose it was. Therefore, I found nothing but 300 yuan in it. I was wondering what to do with it while suddenly my classmates Chen Yang passed by. She suggested she put up a Lost and Found notice and I did so. I wrote down my telephone number and ask the owner to call me after she saw it. Later, a girl came to claim it on 3 o’clock this afternoon. （3）短文改錯（共10小題, 每小題2分, 滿分20分） Li Ming and Wang Ying are two students of Senior Three. They all work hard but they have different learning method. Li Ming often sleeps in class instead of listen to the teacher. As a result, he miss lots of points that the teacher makes and it usually takes him much time to finish his homework. But he has to stay up late and doesn’t get enough sleep. However, Wang Ying has quite the different way of learning. She listens attentive and tries to catch everything that the teacher said in class. Because this, she spends less time doing her homework, which makes it is possible for her to go to bed early. （4）短文改錯（共10小題, 每小題2分, 滿分20分） May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement make. （5）甘肅省武威三中2013模擬（5） Dear Dick, Best wishes! yours, Jim （6）【貴州省湄潭中學2013屆月考】 Dear Brad , I am a boy in the first grades of a senior high school . I feel uneasily recently . At home I feel like prisoner . I am not allowed to watch TV or surf the Internet . The only thing I have to do it is studying . Every time I got a low mark , my parents will scold me sharply . Theres a gener Best wishes , Li Ping （7）【貴陽市2013高考英語】 Once l waited for the bus at the stop for 30 minute, no bus came.I couldnt wait any longer but decided to walk to school. But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.I thought if I had waited for one more minute,1 would have caught. If l wanted to take to the next bus,1 would have to wait for another 30 minutes. Only then did I realized the importance of patience. Being impatient will waste all the efforts that we have made. Patient also plays the important part in our study and work, With it we can achieve greater. Now, whenever I am to lose my patience, we will think of the experience of wait for a bus. （8）【哈師大附中、東北師大附中、遼寧省實驗中學2013聯(lián)考】 Last week our English club held English speech contest, which theme was "Challenge Myself" Many students take part in it, and delivered their wonderful speech．A great many of teachers and students crowded into the hall in order that see their performances．On the stage, no matter whatever pressure the speakers were facing, they bravely overcame them to achieve great success．Whats more, they impressed us deep with their unusual confidence． Through such an activity, we gained a lot．However, our club is growing stronger and more mature． （9）【哈爾濱市第六中學2013高三（三模）】 I was only 12 when we moved to California. I remember that I enjoyed flying non-stop across a whole country and that I wasn’t very happy about leave my friends. But Dad think it’d be good for we all to live in a suburb instead in the middle of a city．And Uncle Jeff, his brother, who’d been living in California for about 20 years, were always telling us how wonderful California it was．He said it would be easily for Dad to get a job driving a taxi, that had been Dad’s job in New York. But we all agreed to try it for one year． Now we’ve been here for four years, and we all love it． （10）短文改錯 Never should I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu. On that day, when sheentered the classroom, we found out that she was a young and beautiful lady. Then sheintroduced her and said we shouldn’t call her Teacher Liu but Miss. Liu. Late, she let us go to the blackboard and say something about ourselves in English on turn. When it was my turn, I felt so shy that I don’t dare to say anything before the class. She went up to me and said kind, “Don’t be afraid. I believe you can do well.” At last, I went to the blackboard. She praised me for that I had done. （11）短文改錯 I’m a middle school student name Li Ming. I’m writing to tell you something. Recently I On my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place which we can find much useful informations. The Internet should be a window to the outside world rather than place for games. The Internet is good if we make good use of it. Otherwise, it will give us great harm. So the local government should take measure to make sure that students use cyber cafes positively. （12）短文改錯 I saw an accident happened on my way to home this afternoon. A girl was crossing the street on a zebra crossing while a young man drove a motorbike towards her. The young man saw the girl but tried to stop, but he drove too fast to stop. He hit the girl and fell off her motorbike. The girl was bad hurt and couldn’t move. The young man didn’t know how to do. I ran to a phone box nearby and dialed 110. Soon the police arrived. They send her to the nearest hospital at once. One of the policeman talked to the young man and wrote something down while was talking. I think it is very dangerous to drive very fast. （13）【?？谑?013高考英語模擬題】 I will share with you a true story happened a couple of days ago. One of my classmate bought a bag of snacks from a food store. A few roommates were then invited to enjoy snacks. Unluckily, all of them got poisoned and had stomachaches with our faces pale. They are quickly sent to a nearby hospital. Doctors examined them but gave them some medicine. They were out of danger soon before taking the medicine. This accident should make us to realize the seriousness of the food safety problem. I strong suggest that the whole society pays more attention to food safety. （14）短文改錯 【河北省石家莊市2013二模】 Li Yue and Zhang Hua -went to nursing home and did some voluntary work on May Day. and fruits. Then, they started working at once, cleaning the windows and swept the floor. Everything done, they sit in the yard chatting with the elderly. When it was time for the volunteer to leave, the elderly thanked them for their kindness. Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very （15）短文改錯 【海南省海南中學2013高考英語】 Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years. Some people liked to buy goods online. And I don’t like it, because online shopping is more reliable than the traditional sale. Firstly, some dishonest merchant offer customers to false information online. Secondly, consumers can’t feel the items that is usually presented by means of pictures. This means the items delivering may differ from which consumers expect. As a result, they may risk returning the items at their own expense. Thirdly, the items might be damaged during delivery. In word, online shopping isn’t reliable at all. （16）短文改錯【河北省武安三中2013屆月考】 Good morning! Let those who think nothing of waste their time remember this. Thank you for your listening! （17）短文改錯【河北省易縣第二高級中學2013三?！? One day, I got a full mark in maths exam and only got 50 marks in the Chinese exam．On my way home, I was in low spirits． When I arrived at home, my mother kissed me on the cheek as soon as she knew the result of maths and said she would bring me to have a nice meal in KFC as the praise． Seen her so happy ，I quick took out of my Chinese exam paper．But quite contrary to her behavior just now, he slapped me on my face heavily．At that moment, I couldn’t help cry． I understood my mother cared much for my scores than me and I felt sad．But as matter of fact, I needed my mother’s help when I have difficulty with my study rather than her slaps． （18）短文改錯 Qinghuaci.However, other have opposite opinions, saying ancient poetr （19）短文改錯 We often give money to the people in poor or disasterstricken area.Some st udents dont think it a good way to help people there.However, some prefers helping the unfortunate with money.In their opinion, money can be used to buying daily necessities and can help people rebuild their hometowns, while sometimes the things people there received are not what they need actually.But some other students think that give used clothing to the people in those areas is better.Many people have many clothing they no longer like or need.By giving them away to the people can we make the best use it.Anyhow, no matter which way is adopt, we should try our best to help with those who are in need of help. （20）短文改錯 （21）短文改錯 （22）短文改錯 I was born in a farmer family in Suizhong county, Liaoning Province in June, in 1965．When I was a child, I dreamed of flying in the sky．I joined the army in June, 1983．In 1992, I was sent to the air force base．In August, 1996, I was one of the first 14 members from 1,500 pilots through the physical examination．I worked hardly, because I was among the first astronauts of our country in 1998 . I was chosen one of the first man space aircraft astronauts later．On Oct．15, 2003, I successfully fly to space, circled around the earth about 14 circle and then returned．I was honored to have given the chance to be the first Chinese to travel in space． （23）短文改錯 It was raining hardly outside, that made it difficult for me to go home for lunch.Just as I was wondering what I should eat at noon, I saw a familiar figure passed by our classroom.I rushed out and it was my mother, who is already in the fifties, that brought me lunch, regardless the heavy rain.In China, many parents make great sacrifices for our children.But what had the children done in return？All too often, most children just take it for granted that their parents should serve for them unconditionally.My dear mum or dad, thank you very much for bringing me up.How shall I do for you? （24）短文改錯 Senior three student will face the question after they pass by the college entrance examination. Should I choose a good major and a good university? Some students prefer to consider majors first so that they can learn what they are interested. It will also make it possibly for them to take their favorite jobs in the future. However, those who think differently believes that the environment is important to one’s development. They also believe that students graduate from leading universities are often more likely to find a good job. In my opinion, the best choice is to choose a good major at a good university. But if we can obtain both, the first thing to consider is a good major, because no matter where we study, they can still achieve a lot in the certain field if we try our best. （25）短文改錯 Nowadays, some students would not like to living in a dorm.Instead, they rented houses outside the school.There are advantages for all.Living in a dorm can increase friendship and cooperation among classmates, but of course it is safe.A dorm is more like a society, where enables students to learn to get along with the each other, thus preparing for the social life later.As for renting a house to live in alone, its better for your studies as you can feel freely in your own room without interrupted by others.As a result, you will have more time and can devote yourself to studying wholeheart.But there may appear a few safety problem as you live outside the school.Anyhow as a student, I prefer living in a dorm. （26）短文改錯 Mrs. Williams, my next-door neighbor, have a big house with a beautiful garden in front of them. She is very proud of her house because of it is always clean and tidy. While cleaned the carpets one day she suddenly saw a little mice run across her dining room. She felt terrible ashamed, for she used to telling others that mice were found only in dirty houses. She quickly asked her daughter Jenny help catch the mouse. It takes them almost half an hour to catch the mouse. Afraid of being laughed at by other people around her, Mrs. Williams wanted her daughter to keep it the secret. （27）短文改錯 Dear Tom, Xi’an and call on me on July. 1st. And I’m terribly sorry that I can’t meet you at the airport because I have to attend meeting in Beijing. Now let me to tell you the way to your home. When you got out of the airport, you can take Bus No.29 to YouYi Bus Station. Walk across the Friendship Street to the west, you can see a bookstore at the corner. Turn to the left there and go straightly on. Then you can see a bank your left. The apartment building I live in is next to the bank. Find Room 502, which my mother will be waiting for you . Best regard to you all. Yours, Liu Mei 12 / 12