2012年高考英語復(fù)習課件：第21講 Unit 1 Great scientists（新課標人教版必修5）

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2012年高考英語復(fù)習課件：第21講 Unit 1 Great scientists（新課標人教版必修5）,第21講 Unit 1 Great scientists,第21講 │ 美文佳句,誦美文 請用英語寫一篇120詞左右的短文，介紹偉大的發(fā)明家——愛迪生。要求根據(jù)所給信息作適當發(fā)揮，且需包括以下三部分內(nèi)容： 1．對該人物的簡單介紹； 2．喜歡該人物的理由； 3．從該人物身上得到的啟示。,Thomas Edison Inventor； Creative；diligent； Full of wisdom “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.”,第21講 │ 美文佳句,Thomas Edison Born in America，Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. Later, however, he turned out to be a man full of imagination. I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1,000 inventions. In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to have the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”. He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many great inventions.,第21講 │ 美文佳句,What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hard-working teammate. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.,第21講 │ 美文佳句,背佳句 1．He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. 他曾被認為是一個不值得教育的孩子。 [賞析] 該句包含了一個who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其中主句中使用了think sb. to be的被動式，從句中使用了“be worth doing”結(jié)構(gòu)。,第21講 │ 美文佳句,2．In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to have the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”. 在他的一生中，他總是渴望搞清楚事物的原理，這使得他擁有綽號“the Wizard of Melo Park”。 [賞析] 該句中包含了一個which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。其中主句中又包含了how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作know的賓語。,第21講 │ 美文佳句,3．From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life. 從他身上，我認識到成功的秘訣不在于你是在何時何地出生的，而在于生活中你在做什么以及是怎樣做的。 [賞析] 主句為I realize，賓語從句中又包含了一個表語從句，表語從句中用not…but，以及and等成分連接了三個名詞性從句。,第21講 │ 美文佳句,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫 1． From these observations we c_________ that the moon has little or no atmosphere. 2． He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people e___________to cholera. 3． I hope the doctor can c_____the pain in my shoulder. 4．The school was a_______almost entirely by local children. 5．Nowadays no one will c_________ the fact that the earth is round.,第21講 │課前熱身,onclude,xposed,ttended,ure,hallenge,6．In many countries，political ________(嫌疑犯) are kept under police observation in the country. 7．She got up and s_______ a little turn. 8．The supermarket r________ all spotted apples. 9．Honesty and hard work c_________ to success and happiness. 10．The river has been p__________ by waste products from the factory.,第21講 │ 課前熱身,suspects,pun,ejected,ontribute,olluted,Ⅱ.完成短語 1．通向；導(dǎo)致 2．有意義 3．將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來 4．提出 5．除……之外；此外 6．得出結(jié)論 7．對……要求嚴格 8．暴露；使暴露,,,第21講 │ 課前熱身,lead to make sense link… to … put forward apart from draw a conclusion (be) strict with … expose …to,Ⅲ. 完成句子 1． 他們認為讓兒童接觸暴力和色情電視節(jié)目幾乎是一種犯罪行為。 They consider it almost a crime __________________ ___________and sex on TV. 2． 這段不知所云的文章讀起來很費勁。 The paragraph which doesn't ____________is hard to read.,第21講 │ 課前熱身,to expose children to violence,make sense,3． 有了這個證據(jù)，約翰·斯諾就能夠肯定地宣布，這種被污染的水攜帶病毒。 With this extra evidence John Snow was able to _______________________that polluted water carried the disease. 4． 除了幾個單詞外，我對法語一無所知。 ____________a few words，I do not know any French at all. 5． 湯姆一向?qū)⒆雍車栏瘛?Tom is always ________________his children.,第21講 │ 課前熱身,strict with,announce with certainty,Apart from,,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,conclude vt.&vi. (to infer on the basis of convincing evidence) 推斷出；(to finish or be over)結(jié)束；締結(jié) conclude sth (from sth) (從某事)推斷出某事 conclude…with/by doing… 以(做)……結(jié)束 conclusion n. 結(jié)論；結(jié)束 come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 in conclusion 最后，總之,1,【活學活用】 (1) 會議于十點鐘在《國際歌》中結(jié)束。 The meeting ____________________________at ten o'clock. (2) 他們從這些事實中得出了不同的結(jié)論。 They ________________________________the facts. (3) 你從這些觀察中能得出什么結(jié)論？ ________________________from these observations?,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,concluded with The International,drew different conclusions from,What can you conclude,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,attend vt.(take care of, look after)照顧；( to be present at)出席；(to accompany or wait upon as a servant)護理；(go to…)上(學等) attend a lecture/movie/meeting 聽演講/看電影/參加會議 attend on/upon sb 伺候某人；照顧某人 attend to 處理；注意傾聽；專心于 attend school/classes 上課 attend church 做禮拜 attendant n. 服務(wù)員；使者,2,【活學活用】 翻譯句子，注意attend的用法 (1) Only seven people attended the meeting. ____________________________________。 (2) 我也許會遲到，我有一兩件事要處理。 ______________________________________________. (3) 所有6—16歲的孩子必須上學。 _________________________________________________. (4) She didn't attend to what I was saying. ______________________________________________。,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,只有7個人參加了會議,I may be late—I have got one or two things to attend to,All children between the ages of 6－16 must attend school,她并不注意聽我所說的話,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,【活學活用】 (1) 你不應(yīng)該讓士兵們冒不必要的危險。 You ___________________________to unnecessary risks. (2) 不要把膠片曝光。 _____________________________light.,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,shouldn't expose the soldiers,Don't expose the film to,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,【活學活用】 (1) 她想盡一切辦法試圖改掉她孩子的這個惡習。 She tried every means____________________________. (2) 治療感冒尚無良方。 There's no known____________________.,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,to cure her child of the bad habit,cure for a cold,blame vt.(to place responsibility for)責備；譴責 n．過失；責備 be to blame (for…) (在……上)應(yīng)負責任 blame sth on sb 把某事歸咎于某人 blame sb for sth/doing sth 因……而責備某人/責備某人做了某事 take the blame for… 承擔……的責任 put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事歸咎于某人 【溫馨提示】 be to blame沒有被動形式，因此要用主動形式表示被動意義。,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,5,【活學活用】 用blame相關(guān)短語的適當形式完成句子 (1) The teacher __________________________________(因?qū)W生犯了錯誤而責怪他們)． (2) 我準備承擔這一錯誤的責任。 I am ready_______________________________________. (3) 許多孩子害怕講英語時因犯錯誤而受到懲罰。 Many children are afraid ______________________ __________________in speaking English. (4) 不要總把失敗歸咎于他人，有時候該怪你自己。 Don't always____________________________. Sometimes you yourself________________.,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,blamed his students for making mistakes,to take the blame for the mistake,of being blamed for making mistakes,blame your own failure on others,are to blame,announce vt. (to make sth known publicly)通告，宣告 announcement n． 通告；宣告；通知 announcer n. 廣播員，播音員 make an announcement 宣布 【易混辨析】 announce，declare announce側(cè)重于“通知，宣布(結(jié)果、決定等)”；declare的意思是“宣布(公告、法律等)，聲明”，一般指在正式場合宣布官方的立場或態(tài)度。 用announce或declare的適當形式完成句子 (1) She __________that the singer would give one extra song. (2) The new Congress ________a state of war with Germany.,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,6,announced,declared,【溫馨提示】 announce后不能跟雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，如果要表達“向某人宣布某事”應(yīng)該這樣表達：announce sth to sb，不能用announce sb結(jié)構(gòu)。除了announce外，類似的詞還有say, explain, mention等。,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,contribute vi. 貢獻；(to submit for publication) 投稿； 捐獻/助，有助于 contribution n． 貢獻；捐贈 contribute…to… 向……捐獻(投稿) contribute to… 促成；起作用；有助于 make a contribution to… 給……做出貢獻 【溫馨提示】 contribute to短語中，to為介詞，后面可跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。,7,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,【活學活用】 翻譯句子 (1) Many people contributed money to the poor girl, which contributed to her returning to school. A teacher wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ ________________________________________,許多人給這位家境貧寒的女孩捐款，這使她重新回到校園。一位老師寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的文章，并把它投到了報社。,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,(2) I will devote my whole life to scientific research, and make contributions to the country where I was born and the people who brought me up. ________________________________________________ ____________________________,我將用全部的生命從事科學研究，貢獻給生育我、栽培我的祖國和人民。,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,【活學活用】 (1) 所有帶斑點的蘋果都被剔除。 All apples with spots_________________________. (2) 他擔心她會因他不是本國人而拒絕他。 He was afraid______________________________________ _____________________. (3) 病人排斥移植的心臟。 The patient___________________________________.,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,were rejected,she would reject him because he was a foreigner,rejected the transplanted heart,【易混辨析】 reject, refuse，decline (1) reject表示拒不接受不適合、不滿足或厭惡的東西，如“建議、計劃、贈物、求婚、忠告”等，語氣最強，有時還含有“拋棄；剔除”等意思。只可接名詞或代詞，主語只能是人。 (2) refuse是普通用語，指堅決、果斷甚至是粗暴地對別人的要求、請求、引誘或幫助加以拒絕，后接名詞、代詞或不定式，主語可以是人或物。,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,(3) decline常指婉轉(zhuǎn)地拒絕，近似漢語的“謝絕”，多用于對他人的邀請或提供的幫助。在與不定式連用時相當于一般的“拒絕”，可與refuse通用。 用reject, refuse或decline的適當形式完成句子 (1) He ___________their invitation point-blank. (2) The big clock ____________to welcome the New Year.,第21講 │ 單詞點睛,rejected,refused,第21講 │ 短語存儲,第21講 │ 短語存儲,【溫馨提示】 在表示提出(主意、計劃)時，come up with和put forward為及物動詞詞組，可以用于被動語態(tài)；而come up意思是“被提出”，是不及物動詞詞組，無被動語態(tài)。,【活學活用】 1． 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子 (1) 男子半決賽已被提前到1：30舉行。 The men's semifinal __________________________1：30. (2) 他在會上提出了一個很好的建議。 He _________________________a very good suggestion at the meeting. 2． 用put相關(guān)短語的適當形式完成句子 (1) The firefighters spent 3 hours _____________the big fire. (2) The meeting _______________because of the heavy snow. (3) At last her husband couldn't ____________her.,第21講 │ 短語存儲,has been put forward to,put forward/came up with,(in) putting out,was put off,put up with,第21講 │ 短語存儲,apart from 除……之外；此外 in addition to 除了……之外(還有) besides 除……之外(還有) except for 除……之外；只是 except 除了……之外,2,第21講 │ 短語存儲,【溫馨提示】 apart from后跟名詞或動名詞，相當于besides[除……以外(還包括)]或except[除……以外(不包括)]。如： Apart from my mother tongue, I speak several foreign languages as well.除了母語外，我還會講好幾種外語。 I like all the subjects apart from English.除了英語外，我喜歡所有科目。,第21講 │ 短語存儲,【活學活用】 (1) 你看得懂這首詩嗎？ Can you __________________________this poem? (2) 讀句子，告訴我它是否講得通。 Read the sentence and_________________________. (3) 為這樣的事煩惱沒有意義。 _______________________________such a thing.,,第21講 │ 短語存儲,make sense of /understand,tell me if it makes sense,There is no sense (in) worrying about,1． (1)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. (2)To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.,第21講 │ 句型透視,句型公式 (1) 主語＋suggest(表明，暗示)＋that clause(動詞不需要用虛擬語氣) (2) 主語＋suggest (建議，提議)＋that clause(動詞需要用虛擬語氣，即：should＋動詞原形，should 可以省略) 【相關(guān)拓展】 若是直接接動詞則用suggest doing，表示“建議做某事”。,第21講 │ 句型透視,【活學活用】 (1) All the members suggested that a new library ________________(build)． (2) Her smile suggested that she _______________(satisfy) with my answer. (3) His pale face suggests that he _____(be) in poor health.,第21講 │ 句型透視,(should) be built,was satisfied,is,2． So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 句型公式 主語＋謂語＋…every time＋從句 【句式分析】 本句是一個復(fù)合句，every time相當于一個從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，意為“每次……，每當……的時候”，相當于whenever。如： Every time he phones I always seem to be in the bath. 他每次打電話來，我好像總是在浴室里。,第21講 │ 句型透視,【相關(guān)拓展】 名詞詞組作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的有： every time, each time, any time, the last time, next time, the moment, the second, the minute, the hour, the day等。 這一系列的詞組是具有連詞功能的名詞短語，可直接 引導(dǎo)從句，不需要其他的連接成分。如： Every time I made a mistake, I was punished. 我每次犯錯都會受到懲罰。,第21講 │ 句型透視,【活學活用】 (1) 每次碰到學習上的困難，我都是獨自解決。 __________________________________in study，I solve it by myself. (2) 下次你來北京，務(wù)必要提前告訴我。 _____________________________, be sure to let me know in advance.,第21講 │ 句型透視,Every time I meet with difficulties,Next time you come to Beijing,1. ________， I'd like to thank you for all you've done for me. A．On the whole B．In general C．In conclusion D．In other words 【解析】 C 考查介詞短語辨析。 on the whole“總體上，大體上”； in general“通常，一般”； in conclusion “總之，最后，作為結(jié)論”，用于概括； in other words“換句話說”，用于兩句意思相近的話之間。句意為：最后，我要感謝你們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺?。故選C。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,2． When I came into her room, she was in her book. A．a(chǎn)bsorbed B．controlled C．exposed D．devoted 【解析】 A 考查動詞辨析。be absorbed in“全神貫注于”；controlled“被控制”；exposed“暴露”；devote與to搭配意為“致力于做某事”。句意為：當我進她屋的時候，她正專心地看書。故答案為A。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,3． [2010·福建卷] —In this day and age，women can have children and jobs as well. —I can't agree more. It's great to have the two . A. linked B. related C. connected D. combined 【解析】 D 考查動詞辨析。第二句意思為：“我非常贊同。讓這兩件事情相結(jié)合是非常好的?！県ave sth done.意為“使某事被做”。linked“相聯(lián)系的”；related “有關(guān)的”；connected“相連接的”；combined“相結(jié)合的，聯(lián)合的”。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,4．Eating too much fat and sugar can heart disease and high blood pressure. A．result from B．a(chǎn)ttend to C．devote to D．contribute to 【解析】 D 考查動詞短語辨析。句意為：攝入過多的脂肪和糖會引起心臟病和高血壓。表示“引起”或“導(dǎo)致”時，可用contribute to，result in或cause。result from表示“原因是”；attend to表示“照顧”；devote…to表示“獻身于”。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,5. providing humanitarian aid，the UN is also supposed to enforce(實施) agreements. A．Apart from B．Rather than C．Far from D．Except for 【解析】 A 句意為：除了提供人道主義援助之外，聯(lián)合國還應(yīng)該敦促讓協(xié)議得到實施。由句中的also可知，這里用apart from表示“除了……還”。rather than“而不是”，far from“遠非”，except for“除了”。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,6． When I left the hospital I was completely . A．diagnosed B．treated C．cured D．healed 【答案】 C 7． Considering your salary, you should at least 100 dollars a week. A．put up B．put forward C．put aside D．put out 【答案】 C,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,8．Jane's pale face suggested that she ill, and her parents suggested that she medical examination. A．be; should have B．was; have C．should be; have D．was; has 【解析】 B 考查suggest的賓語從句的時態(tài)。當動詞suggest作“建議，提議”講時，后面的賓語從句用“(should) ＋ 動詞原形”；作“暗示；表明”講時不用虛擬語氣。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,9．“It is not only you but also Tom who ，” said the teacher after knowing what had happened. A．a(chǎn)re to be blamed B．is to be blamed C．a(chǎn)re to blame D．is to blame 【解析】 D 考查主謂一致。not only … but also 連接并列的主語時， 應(yīng)遵循就近原則。再結(jié)合be to blame的用法，可以判斷應(yīng)該選D。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,10．In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn't make any . A．idea B．meaning C．sense D．point 【解析】 C 考查名詞辨析。make sense是習語，意為“有道理，意義清楚”。 11．To talk about more details is still too early, but we will __________them in the near future. A．report B．print C．a(chǎn)nnounce D．declare 【解析】 C 考查動詞辨析。句意為：現(xiàn)在談?wù)摳嗟募毠?jié)還為時過早，但是我們會在不遠的將來公布。所以選C。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,12．The park which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A．has built B．has been built C．is building D．is being built 【解析】 D 從句中的…will be open to tourists soon看應(yīng)該是在建設(shè)中，the park與build之間是被動關(guān)系。故選D。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,13．Bill suggested a meeting on what to do after the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A．having held B．to hold C．holding D．hold 【解析】 C 考查動名詞作賓語的用法。suggest后可以接doing sth作賓語。這里表示的是建議，事情還沒有發(fā)生，所以不能用完成時，故最大的干擾項A 應(yīng)該排除。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,14．The teacher voted to the government’s pay offer. A．a(chǎn)ccept B．disagree C．reject D．a(chǎn)gree 【解析】 C 考查動詞辨析。reject拒絕。句意為：教師們投票拒絕接受政府提出的工資方案。disagree是不及物動詞，后面不能直接跟賓語。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,15．An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been . A．given off B．called in C．put forward D．set out 【解析】 C 考查動詞辨析。put forward“提出(建議、計劃等)”。句意為：一個有趣的測量火星周圍大氣的建議已經(jīng)被人提出來了。give off意思是“發(fā)散”，call in意思是“請求收回；請來”。 set out意思是“開始”，都不符合語境。,第21講 │ 跟蹤訓練,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,