中考英語命題研究 第二部分 語法專題突破篇 專題十一 動詞的語態(tài)試題1

《中考英語命題研究 第二部分 語法專題突破篇 專題十一 動詞的語態(tài)試題1》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《中考英語命題研究 第二部分 語法專題突破篇 專題十一 動詞的語態(tài)試題1（6頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網上搜索。

專題十一 動詞的語態(tài) ,河北中考五年命題規(guī)律及趨勢 考綱要求 1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) 2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài) 3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài) 考查點 年份 題號 選項設置 分值 一般現(xiàn)在時 的被動語態(tài) 2014 43 treats/treated/is__treated/was treated 1分 一般過去時 的被動語態(tài) 2016 38 praises/praised/is praised/was__praised(一般過去時) 1分 2015 38 moves/moved/is moved/was__moved 1分 2013 39 invites/is invited/was__invited/has invited 1分 一般將來時 的被動語態(tài) 2012 44 will save/was saved/have saved/will__be__saved 1分 動詞語態(tài)為河北中考單項選擇題的必考點，且都與時態(tài)相結合，主要表現(xiàn)為一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時。選項的設置均為一個動詞的兩種不同時態(tài)和不同語態(tài)。語境設置在近3年來很少出現(xiàn)明顯的時間狀語提示，需要分析語境才能判斷出選項。語句多為單句形式，詞數(shù)多為9—13。 預測2017年河北中考的單項選擇題必定會出現(xiàn)一道題考查被動語態(tài)，并與時態(tài)相結合。 ,河北中考重難點突破 【滿分點撥】 1．動詞語態(tài)的分類 英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 (1)主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。如：Many people speak English there.那兒很多人說英語。 (2)被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動詞的對象。如：Chinese is spoken by many people.漢語被很多人說。(Chinese是動詞speak的承受者) 2．被動語態(tài)的構成 被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞(用done表示)”構成。常見的4種時態(tài)的被動結構如下： 時態(tài) 被動結構 例句 一般 現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are＋done This kind of car is made in China.這種車是中國制造的。 一般 過去時 was/were＋done The flying disk was invented by college students.這種飛碟游戲是大學生們發(fā)明的。 一般 將來時 will/shall＋ be＋done The bridge will be finished in a month.這座橋將在一個月內竣工。 情態(tài) 動詞 情態(tài)動詞＋ be＋done Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石頭制造。 3.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法 (1)圖示 (2)口訣：賓變主，主變賓，謂語動詞用被動。 (3)變換步驟： ①將主動句的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z。 注意：如果主動句的賓語是代詞，需將其由賓格變?yōu)橹鞲?。如：Tom killed him．→He was killed by Tom.湯姆殺了他。 ②將動詞改為“be＋過去分詞”。 注意：be動詞與新主語相一致，時態(tài)不變。如：They held a meeting yesterday.→A meeting was__held by them yesterday.他們昨天開會了 。 ③將主動語態(tài)的主語改為by…放在謂語動詞后。 注意：如果原主語是代詞，則應由主格變?yōu)橘e格。如He sang a song.→A song was sung by__him．他唱了一首歌。 【方法突破】 分析河北近5年考情發(fā)現(xiàn)，涉及語態(tài)的試題的選項中通常有兩個主動和兩個被動，并且有現(xiàn)在時態(tài)和過去時態(tài)。學生在做題時，可從以下角度入手分析： 判斷句子是主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài) 讀懂句意，確定主語，判斷主語表示人還是物，主語是動作的執(zhí)行者還是承受者。一般人作主語時，謂語動詞用主動語態(tài)。當主語為人時，需根據(jù)句意及謂語動詞判斷該動作是否是主語發(fā)出：若為主語發(fā)出，用主動語態(tài)；若不是主語發(fā)出，用被動語態(tài)。物作主語的時候，謂語動詞要用被動語態(tài)，由此可排除掉主動語態(tài)的選項。對于被動語態(tài)來說，試題主要是讓大家找出謂語動作的執(zhí)行者或承受者，這就要根據(jù)句子的意思進行判斷，然后根據(jù)句中的時間狀語做出正確選擇。 確定句子的時態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的使用離不開時態(tài)，所以應根據(jù)句中的時間狀語、上下文的暗示或發(fā)生動作的時態(tài)來分析判斷應使用哪種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。再結合句意給出的時間狀語或已發(fā)生動作的時態(tài)，選取對應的時態(tài)。 4．常見主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的特殊結構 (1)含有雙賓語(即直接賓語和間接賓語)的句子，多把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語不變。如：Jack told us the truth.→We were told the truth by Jack.杰克告訴了我們真相。 (2)主動語態(tài)中有些感官動詞(如：hear，see，watch，notice等)后用不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要把不定式符號to還原。即：hear(see) sb.do sth.→sb. be heard(seen)to do sth.如：We heard the girl play the piano in the music classroom.→The girl was heard to play the piano in the music classroom.我們聽見那女孩在音樂教室彈鋼琴。 (3)主動語態(tài)中有些使役動詞(如：make，let等)后用不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，同樣要把不定式符號to還原。即：make sb.do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.如：The teacher makes his students do much homework every day.→His students are made to do much homework by the teacher every day.那位老師讓他的學生每天做很多家庭作業(yè)。 5．不能使用被動結構的情況 (1)連系動詞，如：look，feel，smell等，以主動形式表示被動含義。如：The flower smells sweet.這花聞起來很香。 (2)有些動詞的主動形式表被動含義，如：need doing(需要做某事)，be worth doing(值得做某事)等。如：Your bedroom is in a terrible mess.It needs cleaning right now.你的臥室太亂了，需要馬上清理一下。 (3)表示“發(fā)生”的happen或take place，無被動結構。如：The story happened on a cold night.故事發(fā)生在一個寒冷的夜晚。 【考點搶測】 ( C )1.(2016張家口升學一模)The guide dog，Dan，________ as their close family member for the blind couple all the time. A．treats B．is treating C．is treated D．was treated ( D )2.(2016石家莊橋西區(qū)中考模擬)—What happened to Billy? —He ________ because of his drinkdriving. A．caught B．has caught C．is caught D．was caught ( B )3.(2016石家莊新華區(qū)中考模擬)The sweet girl ________ another chance to go on a trip. A．is given B．will be given C．gives D．gave ( C )4.(2016九年級路北區(qū)一模)—Do you think teenagers ________ to make their own decisions? —No，I dont agree with you.Theyre too young to do that. A．encourage B．are encouraging C．are encouraged D．were encouraged ( D )5.(2016河北升學三模)I need one more stamp before my collection ________． A．was completed B．is being completes C．has been completed D．is completed ( B )6.(2016路北區(qū)九年級二模)—Many beautiful flowers ________ around our school every year. —Yes，________ beautiful our school looks! A．are planted；what B．are planted；how C．were planted；what D．were planted；how ( B )7.(2016邯鄲升學二模)Wed better learn English well.It ________ in many countries around the world. A．speaks B．is spoken C．was spoken D．spoke ( C )8.(2016石家莊18縣市聯(lián)考)Im glad to find that many trees ________ in our city last year. A．plant B．planted C．were planted D．are planted ( B )9.(2016石家莊42中模擬)—Dont forget to come to our school assembly(集會)． —I wont.I ________ just now. A．told B．was told C．spoke D．was spoken ( C )10.(2016海港區(qū)升學一模)—Mom，can I play computer games for a while? —Unless your homework ________，you can. A．finishes B．finished C．is finished D．has finished ( C )11.(2016河北升學二模)Rainforests ________ down so fast that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A．cut B．are cutting C．are cut D．were cut ( D )12.(2016河北升學一模)The 24th Winter Olympics ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022. A．holds B．has held C．was held D．will be held ,河北中考考點精練 ( D )1.(2016北京中考)A new road ________ near my school next year. A．builds B．will build C．is built D．will be built ( D )2.(2016天津中考)Paper ________ first ________ about 2 000 years ago in China. A．is；creating B．is；created C．has；created D．was；created ( C )3.(2016重慶中考)Students do less homework now.Usually it ________ before 9 oclock in the evening. A．finishes B．finished C．is finished D．was finished ( B )4.(2016河南中考)We are going to take the highspeed train to Xian tomorrow，so an early arrival at the station ________． A．advises B．is advised C．is advising D．was advised ( D )5.(2016河北中考)Emily is glad that she ________ for her honesty at that meeting. A．praises B．praised C．is praised D．was praised ( C )6.(2016廈門中考改編)—These days，teenagers often have to do what they ________ to. —Its not good for their independence.They need to think on their own. A．tell B．are telling C．are told D．is told ( C )7.(2016陜西中考)Football ________ to our school subjects last year. A．is added B．adds C．was added D．added ( D )8.(2016江西中考)I plan to build an unusual house.It ________ out of old things. A．is built B．has built C．was built D．will be built ( D )9.(2016淮安中考)—Aunt Li，who is the pretty girl in red in the picture? —Its my daughter.The picture ________ 10 years ago. A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken ( D )10.(2016廣東中考)He Jiang ________ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. A．invites B．invited C．is invited D．was invited ( C )11.(2016福州中考改編)—When is the 31st Olympic Games? —It ________ in Rio de Janeiro of Brazil in August，2016. A．held B．is held C．will be held D．was held ( D )12.(2016南京中考)Its reported that Jiangsu Grand Theatre ________ in September this year. A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed ( C )13.(2016菏澤中考改編)When you go abroad，youll find that so many products in local shops ________ in China. A．make B．have made C．are made D．were made ( A )14.(2016黃岡中考)—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him? —No problem！I think he ________ to think twice beofre starting. A．should be told B．can tell C．should tell D．can be telling ( B )15.(2016黃石中考)—Why does the earth look blue in space? —Because most of the earths surface______ by the ocean. A．covers B．is covered C．cover D．are covered ( C )16.(2016孝感中考)—Whats the meaning of the activity “Lets Save”？ —Paper shouldnt ________ in everyday life. A．waste B．wasted C．be wasted D．is wasted ( C )17.(2016隨州中考)—Waiter，Id like some Ningbo Dumplings. —Sorry，sir.Ningbo Dumplings ________ only for lunch and dinner. A．serve B．served C．are served D．are serving