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Comparison of hydraulic system and performance of several typical hydraulic hammer abroad
Hammer's history can be traced back to fifteenth Century, people use the rope to lift a weight of piling. Today, hydraulic pile hammer has been widely used in bridges, buildings, ports and terminals, such as precast pile foundation construction operations, and conventional diesel pile hammer compared, hydraulic piling hammer with pile driving high efficiency, no waste gas emission, low noise, adjustable blow energy, adapt to a wide range of characteristics can also be used for under water piling and beveling pile.
According to the whereabouts of hammer, hydraulic hammer can be divided into single and double acting hydraulic hammer hydraulic hammer. Single acting hydraulic pile hammer hammer falling by a free falling under gravity. Double acting hydraulic pile hammer hammer under gravity and hydraulic pneumatic force combined with the greater acceleration of free fall drop. According to the tonnage of the pile hammer, hydraulic hammer can be divided into large, medium and small three, below the pile hammer weight 3T for small hydraulic hammer, the hammer weight between 3 ~ 10t for medium-sized hydraulic hammer; hammer weight is more than 10t for large hydraulic hammer. Small hydraulic hammer is suitable for steel piles and concrete piles with smaller section size. The large hydraulic hammer is suitable for pile foundation construction of port, high-rise building and Bridge etc.. Has formed a series of hydraulic hammer products, in order to meet the needs of various basic construction. In recent years, the domestic pile industry machinery industry has started the research and development of hydraulic hammer, but the large tonnage, high performance hydraulic hammer is not much, can not meet the growing demand for engineering. Therefore, the domestic basic construction uses the foreign hydraulic hammer frequently. This paper mainly analyzes the hydraulic system, features and performance of several typical hydraulic hammer abroad..
1 typical hydraulic piling hammer hydraulic system
1.1British BSP single acting hydraulic hammer
A single - acting hydraulic hammer for the production of BSP, UK. The stage of the rise of the pile hammer, the electromagnetic unloading valve 9 power, the left position. Electro-hydraulic proportional valve 10 overflow valve role, setting hydraulic system working pressure. Solenoid valve 3 power off, the upper connected, high pressure accumulator 1 and variable pump outlet oil flow into the pilot control valve 6 control cylinder left and right two chamber, pilot control valve 6 main valve left position. At this point, the solenoid valve 7 power, the left position, the valve through the valve 7 of the left into the cavity of the cylinder 5. Variable pump 4 and high pressure accumulator 1 at the same time, the piston rod to accelerate the rise. Hydraulic cylinder 5 pressure oil through the pilot valve 6 into the low pressure accumulator 8, the check valve back to the tank. Low pressure accumulator 8 absorbs oil back and reduces pressure fluctuation.. The lower phase of the hammer, the solenoid valve 3 power, the lower position, hydraulic oil into the pilot control valve 6 control cylinder right chamber, so that the pilot control valve 6 main valve right position. Hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder 5 inferior vena is through the reversing valve 7 left, pilot control valve cavity and an electromagnetic reversing valve 3 and lower into the hydraulic cylinder 5 of the chamber, and a hydraulic pump together to the upper chamber of oil cylinder with oil, a hammer body under the action of gravity free fall. After the hammer impact pile head is finished, the pressure is entered into the holding phase.. After the end of the pressure of the solenoid valve 9 power, starting a new working cycle.
1.2 Finland JUNTTAN single acting hydraulic hammer
A single acting hydraulic hammer for JUNTTAN production in Finland. The rise of the pile hammer, the solenoid valve 6, the main valve 7 lower position. The 1 variable pump and high pressure accumulator and hydraulic cylinder 5 to 8 lower fuel, accelerating piston rod and drive the hammer up. Hydraulic cylinder 8 the upper chamber hydraulic oil flow into the low-pressure accumulator 9 return to the fuel tank. Pile hammer falling stage is when the pile hammer arrived to set up the system of high, electromagnetic reversing valve 6 lower, then the control main reversing valve 7 upper work, high pressure oil into hydraulic cylinder 8 of the chamber, forming a differential circuit, the pile hammer acceleration whereabouts. The holding period of the hammer is to prevent the rebound of the piles, and the pile hammer is short for a short period of time.. After the end of the pressure, the solenoid valve 6 action to the main valve 7 commutation, the pile hammer began to rise, starting a new cycle. Pile hammer stops working, relief valve 2, unloading valve bearing 4 were opening is communicated with the oil tank, from variable pump 1 direct pressure oil flows back to the oil tank, hydraulic cylinder 8, inferior vena connected, equal pressure, the piston to stop hydraulic cylinder 8 the lowest end position.
1.3 Holland IHC double acting hydraulic hammer
Holland IHC Corporation introduced a double acting hydraulic hammer (Figure 3). The rising phase of the pile hammer, the electromagnetic reversing valve closed, electromagnetic reversing valve 5 is disconnected, the hydraulic pump and high pressure storage energy device at the same time to supply the cylinder cavity, hammer head 1 lift. At this point the gas of the nitrogen chamber 6 is compressed and stored energy. The decline of the hammer, the solenoid valve 7 open, the solenoid valve 5 closed, the pile hammer began to fall. Nitrogen chamber high pressure nitrogen release the storage energy, the pile hammer in the weight and nitrogen chamber 6 under the dual role of the impact of the acceleration of the impact of the pile, the completion of the blow. The hydraulic pump 9 supplies hydraulic oil to the high pressure accumulator 8 while the hammer is falling.. Due to the long back oil pipeline, the low pressure accumulator 4 can absorb hydraulic oil from the hydraulic hammer to ensure the acceleration of the pile hammer.. When the two solenoid valve are in the position of the hydraulic oil back to the tank, hydraulic system unloading.
2 Comparison between strike frequency and strike energy
1) the frequency of the hammer against the frequency of the hydraulic hammer is determined by the working hours of the hammer stages.. The shorter working hours, the higher the frequency of the fight. As the hydraulic piling hammer drop acceleration are generally designed in a gravity acceleration or above, the whereabouts of the time is very short, the fight frequency mainly depends on the rise time. Rise process of the single action hydraulic hammer, hydraulic pump and high pressure storage can also supply, rising fast, against high frequency; double acting hydraulic hammer pile hammer to rise, the hydraulic pump and oil to the oil cylinder and the high-pressure storage oil supply device, slower rise pile hammer against low frequency. IHC Hydrohammer launched s type double acting hydraulic hammer and Finland JUNTTAN production of the the HHKA single acting hydraulic hammer during the rising phase, hydraulic pump and high pressure storage can also to the hydraulic cylinder cavity oil, with high attack frequency, up to 60 times per minute.
2) the fight against the energy and the weight of the hammer, the height of the pressure, the pressure of the oil fluid (or the gas) and the size of the acceleration.. Single acting hydraulic pile hammer cylinder cavity for the low pressure chamber, and the return oil line connected, depends mainly on the weight in order to approximate the free falling body fight pile, fight lower energy. Double acting hydraulic hammer relies on hydraulic pressure or pneumatic power with the weight of the hammer, which generally strikes energy.. Table 1 main performance comparison of several typical hydraulic hammer
3 conclusions
Through the comparison of several typical foreign hydraulic pile hammer, BSP shows that British CGL370 type and the Netherlands IHC s series hydraulic hammer blow frequency is higher, the Finnish JUNTTAN of the HHKA hydraulic hammer blow frequency is low.
Piling hammer hydraulic, IHC Holland type s and Finland JUNTTAN of of the HHKA has higher impact energy, and adjustable scope of the great British BSP series of CGL370 for single action hydraulic pile hammer, strike energy is low, limited the scope of regulation.
The hydraulic system of the S hydraulic hammer in Holland IHC is simple and the structure is compact, and the hydraulic hammer hydraulic system of other companies is relatively complex.. IHC hydraulic hammer cylinder with nitrogen chamber, adjust the pressure to adjust the blow energy, the maximum strike acceleration of up to 2G, suitable for large tonnage piling operation.