高中英語 unit 2《the olympic games》vocabulary and useful expressions教案 新人教版必修2

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111 Unit 2 The Olympic Games 1.ancient adj. (1)古代的 in ancient times (2)古老的；年代久遠(yuǎn)的 e.g. We were deeply attracted by the ancient building. 辨析： 易混詞 辨析 例句 ancient 指“歷史上久遠(yuǎn)的，古代的” He believes in ancient myths. old 指“古老的，年老的，年代久的” One is never too old to learn. ancient—modern—contemporary 2.take part in 易混短語（詞） 辨析 例句 take part in 指參加有組織的、嚴(yán)肅的、重大的活動(dòng)。 Every four years, many athletes from different countries take part in/join in the Olympic Games. join in 指參加正在進(jìn)行著的活動(dòng)或游戲等，有時(shí)可與take part in換用。 join 指參加團(tuán)體和組織，成為其中的一個(gè)成員，也可用于join sb. in (doing) sth.（與某人一起做某事） Would you join us in the football game? attend 相當(dāng)于be present at，意為“出席，參加”。后常跟meeting, wedding, lecture, class, funeral等。 He was invited to attend the Boao Forum for Asia. 3.event 易混詞 辨析 例句 accident 事件，大事；比賽項(xiàng)目 His became disable in a bad car accident. event 意外之事（尤指災(zāi)難） It’s an event for the whole family. incident 事情，小事件；事變，突發(fā)事件 It’s an incident for the country. affair 事務(wù)，事件，私事 The new minister was in charge of foreign affairs. 4.stand for代表；主張，支持；容忍，接受 stand by袖手旁觀，站在……一邊 stand up起立，站得住腳 stand out顯眼，引人注目 stand down退出（比賽等） stand up for為……而站起來，支持 stand up to勇敢地面對，經(jīng)得起 5.interview (1)vt. （記者等）采訪，訪問 (2)vt. 與……進(jìn)行面談，面試 (3)n. （記者等的）采訪；訪談；面試，面談；（兩人之間的）會(huì)談；面談 view看----interview互相之間看（會(huì)見；采訪） preview先看（預(yù)習(xí)；預(yù)演） review再看（復(fù)習(xí)；復(fù)審） 6.journey on a journey意為“進(jìn)行旅行”，常與go, start, come, be等搭配使用 辨析： 易混詞 辨析 例句 voyage 指“海上旅行”或“航行” Columbus voyaged across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. travel “旅行”的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。 Travel in the mountains can be slow and dangerous. journey 指長途陸路旅行，特指“旅途”本身。 It’s a long long journey Till I know where I’m supposed to be trip 指短途短期旅行，一般為往返旅行。 They made a trip to the lakeside last weekend. tour 指“團(tuán)隊(duì)”觀光旅游。也可表示“巡視”“巡回比賽”或“演出”。 The band is on tour in China. 7.find out about弄清有關(guān)……的情況 辨析： 易混短語（詞） 辨析 例句 find out 通常指經(jīng)過努力有意去“找，打聽，弄清楚” Please find out what time they are coming. find 通常意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，有時(shí)指無意間“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，有時(shí)表示經(jīng)過努力或研究而“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。 I’ve found the money I was looking for. discover 通常表示發(fā)現(xiàn)本來就存在，但尚未被人所知的事物或地方。 Columbus discovered the New World in 1492. 8.time時(shí)代，時(shí)期 111 against time爭分奪秒地，盡快地 ahead of time超前的 (at) any time在任何時(shí)候 at no time在任何時(shí)候都不 at that time在那時(shí) at the time of在……的時(shí)候 before the times在時(shí)代前沿 behind time在原定時(shí)間以后，遲到 by this time到此刻，到現(xiàn)在 for a time暫時(shí)，一度 all the time一直，始終 at all times無論任何，一直 at a time,一次；一度 at one time同時(shí)；曾經(jīng) at the same time同時(shí)；但，然而 at times有時(shí)，不時(shí) behind the times落后于時(shí)代 every time每次，每當(dāng) for the time being暫時(shí)，眼下 111 9.regular adj.規(guī)則的；有規(guī)律的；間隙均勻的；定時(shí)的；通常的；平常的；慣常的 n.?？?，老主顧；主力（或正式）隊(duì)員 10.basis (1)原因，緣由 on the basis of…/that… (2)基準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則；方式 on a regular basis例行的，有規(guī)律的 (3)基礎(chǔ)；要素；基點(diǎn) e.g. The basis of a good marriage is trust. 辨析： basis抽象 base具體 11.admit (1)允許（人或物）進(jìn)入；讓……進(jìn)入 admit sb. to/into…允許某人進(jìn)入；吸收某人為……的成員 be admitted as…作為……被接受（后接表示成員的名詞） (2)容納 e.g. This classroom admits only 20 students. (3)承認(rèn)，供認(rèn) admit (+to) + sth./doing sth.承認(rèn)某事；做過某事 admit + that-clause承認(rèn)…… admit sb./sth. to be + adj./n.承認(rèn)……為…… e.g. I admit my mistake(that I was wrong). He admitted to stealing my pen. 12.nowadays現(xiàn)今；現(xiàn)在；目前 辨析： 易混詞 辨析 例句 nowadays 不指此刻，它常用于現(xiàn)今與舊時(shí)習(xí)俗、習(xí)慣等的對比中，帶有感情色彩。 Nowadays, scientific develops very quickly. now 含義較廣，既可指說話的此刻，也可指目前。 He is sleeping now. 13.allow允許，準(zhǔn)許；承認(rèn) allow + n./pron.允許…… allow + n./pron. + to do允許……做…… allow doing允許做…… allow + n. + prep./adv.允許…… allow + that-clause承認(rèn)…… He believes that children should/ought to/must be allowed to learn/study（應(yīng)允許……學(xué)習(xí)）at their own pace.(allow) 14.play a role in（在……中）扮演角色；（在……中）起作用 e.g. Tom Hanks played a leading role（扮演主角） in the film “Forest Gump”.(play) play a role/part of…表示“扮演……角色” 15.as well 辨析： 易混短語（詞） 辨析 例句 as well 用于肯定句，只用于句末。 He plays basketball as well. also 用于肯定句，用在句中。 He also plays basketball. too 用于肯定句，用在句中或句末。 He plays basketball, too. either 用于否定句。 He doesn’t play basketball, either. 辨析： 易混短語 辨析 例句 as well 副詞短語，一般放在肯定句句末，as well如用作連詞必須和and, but連用，其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在 后。 He plays basketball as well. as well as 連詞詞組，可連接兩個(gè)并列成分。 He plays basketball as well as football. a. as well as連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)前一個(gè)主語確定，其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在前邊部分。此外，還有together with, along with, besides(but, except), including, rather than等也屬此種情況。 e.g. He as well as I likes money. b. not only…but also…連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，根據(jù)后一個(gè)主語確定動(dòng)詞的形式，其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在后一部分。 c. as well as后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞常用-ing形式。 d. as well as位于句首時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞須用-ing形式。 3.不能用“A, B as well C”結(jié)構(gòu)，但可用“A as well as B and C”或“A and B as well as C”結(jié)構(gòu)。 16.host vt. 做東，主辦 London will host the 30th Olympic Games in 2012.（將主辦第三十屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)） n.主人，東道主 e.g. London will be the host country of the 30th Olympic Games. 辨析： 易混詞 辨析 例句 host 與guest（客人）相對應(yīng) master 與servant（仆人）相對應(yīng) 17. responsibility responsibility for sth./for doing sth./to do sth. 對……負(fù)責(zé) take o the responsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任 on one’s own responsibility由某人自己負(fù)責(zé) a sense of responsibility責(zé)任感 18. honour (1)[C]光榮的人或事（通常 用an honour） e.g. He is an honour to our school. (2)[U]榮譽(yù)；信譽(yù)；名譽(yù) e.g. win honour for one’s motherland May I have the honour of this dance? (3)[U]尊敬；敬意 show honour to…對……表示敬意 (4)vt. 尊敬，給某人以榮譽(yù) honour sb. with sth.用某事來向某人表達(dá)敬意 be/feel honoured to do sth.（做某事）感到榮幸 e.g. Will you honour me with a visit? 其他可具體化的抽象名詞，表示“一個(gè)……的人、一件……的事”，surprise, pleasure, delight, success, failure. 19.must (1)（表示必要或很重要）必須 (2)（表示很有可能或符合邏輯）一定 e.g. You must think math is difficult. (3)（提出建議）應(yīng)該，得 e.g. You must study hard. may/must/can + v.表示對現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的推測。對過去事實(shí)的推測用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have + done這種結(jié)構(gòu)。 --Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? --She ____ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 20. replace (1)代替，取代 replace sth./sb. replace sth./sb. with/by (2)替換 (3)把……放回原處 take the place of sb./sth. = replace sb./sth. take one’s place = take one’s seat in place of instead of 21. compete compete with/against sb. for sth.因……而與某人競爭 compete in sth.參加比薩（或競爭） in competition with 與……競爭 22.high 辨析： 易混詞 辨析 例句 high 用作形容詞或副詞，指具體高矮程度的“高”。 The player can jump really high, so we all speak highly of him. highly 只用作副詞，相當(dāng)于“very much”，指很高程度，表抽象意義。 用法類似的副詞還有： wide, widely; deep, deeply; close, closely 23.swift (1)迅速發(fā)生；馬上做出的，迅速的 (2)速度快的；敏捷的；矯健的 辨析： 易混詞 辨析 例句 fast “快的，迅速的，敏捷的”，尤用于指告訴運(yùn)動(dòng)的人或事物。 He is the fastest runner in 2008. rapid “短時(shí)間發(fā)生的；快速的，快捷的”，常用于描述事物變化的速度，而非運(yùn)動(dòng)或完成的速度。 The disease is spreading at a rapid rate. quick 常用以描述迅速或立刻完成的事 Be quick! swift 通常用以描述事物發(fā)生或完成的速度“快而迅疾”。 The government took swift action. 24. similarity similarity between A and B similarity to sb./sth. similarity in sth. be similar to sb. be similar in sth. 25. put forward (1)推薦，舉薦 e.g. He put me forward for monitor. (2)提出，提議；建議 (3)將……提前 (4)向前撥快（時(shí)鐘指針） put away put down put in put off put on put up put up with 26.bargain into the bargain=as well另外，而且，也 bargain with sb. over/about/for sth.就某物與某人討價(jià)還價(jià) bargain sth. away做虧本交易，賤賣 bargain for/on sth.（常用于否定句中）預(yù)想到，預(yù)料到 make a bargain with sb. about sth.與某人就……達(dá)成協(xié)議 strike a bargain with sb.與……成交 27.run against (1)和……賽跑 (2)競選 (3)撞到，碰著 e.g. Lost in thought, he ran against a lamp-post. run across無意間碰到 run at攻擊，向……沖去 run for競選 run out (of)（某物）用完 run over溢出，軋過 run short (of)缺（某物），快用完（某物）了 run after追趕；追求 run away走掉，跑掉 run into無意間碰上；撞上 28.hear of 辨析： 易混短語（詞） 辨析 例句 hear “聽見，聽到”，指聲音入耳；“聽說”，后接從句 I heard that he had a fever. hear about “聽到，聽說”，聽到關(guān)于是某人或某事物的詳情。（后跟事物。） Did you hear about the party? hear of “聽到，聽說”，只表示聽說從而知道某人或某物的客觀存在。（后可跟事物或人） I have heard of him, but I don’t know about him. hear from “收到某人的來信”，from后接人而非信件。 I heard from him since he was sperated. 29.amazed be amazed at sth./to do sth./that… 30.pick up (1)撿起；拾起；抬起 (2)（用車）去接某人 (3)收拾，收取 (4)獲得，（偶然）學(xué)會(huì) e.g. You can pick up Chinese easily if you live in China. (5)（車輛）中途搭人或接貨 (6)收聽到；接收 e.g. We picked up signals for the exam. (7)買到某物（尤指廉價(jià)地或幸運(yùn)地） e.g. She picked up some fine dresses on sale. (8)使增加；加快 e.g. The car is picking up speed. (9)恢復(fù)（健康、體力）等 pick and choose挑揀，精挑細(xì)選 pick one’s brains討價(jià)，請教 pick holes in sth.挑毛病 pick up pieces（使）恢復(fù)，補(bǔ)救，收拾殘局 pick sth. off去除，剪除 pick on sb.（跟某人）找別扭，故意刁難別人；選中 pick sth. out精挑細(xì)選；辨別出 31.pain on/under pain of sth.違犯規(guī)則受到某種懲罰 a pain in the neck及其討厭的人（或物） at (the) pains盡力，用心，下苦力 bear/endure/under pain忍受痛苦 spare no pains不遺余力，全力以赴 take pains盡力，費(fèi)苦心，耐心 單復(fù)數(shù)不同，意義不同的詞： 單詞 單數(shù)意義 復(fù)數(shù)意義 condition 狀況，狀態(tài) 環(huán)境，形勢 custom 習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗 海關(guān)；關(guān)稅 arm 手臂 武器 force 力量，勢力 軍隊(duì)，兵力 horizon 地平線 眼界，見識(shí) sand 沙子 沙灘，沙地 pain 疼痛 辛苦 32. one after another one after another一個(gè)接一個(gè)地（強(qiáng)調(diào)連續(xù)性） one by one一個(gè)一個(gè)地（強(qiáng)調(diào)一次一個(gè)） 111