高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法精講系列 講座六 名詞性從句課件.ppt

《高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法精講系列 講座六 名詞性從句課件.ppt》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法精講系列 講座六 名詞性從句課件.ppt（21頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

,語(yǔ)法精講系列,講座六 名詞性從句,,名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句。名詞性從句是一種具有名詞功能的非獨(dú)立分句。 名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞主要有以下幾種： 1．連詞 that(無(wú)意義)，whether，if(意為“是否”，多引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)，起連接作用；在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分；that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)?？墒÷浴?2．連接代詞 who，whom，whose，which，what，whatever，whoever，whichever起連接作用，在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。 3．連接副詞 when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever起連接作用，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式或原因。,[考點(diǎn)一] 四大名詞性從句 1．主語(yǔ)從句 主語(yǔ)從句多放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前，構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)從句＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋其他 That we must master English words as many as possible is very important. 我們必須盡可能多地掌握英文單詞，這是很重要的。 What was most important to her，she told me，was her family.(主語(yǔ)從句，what作主語(yǔ)) 她告訴我，對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的是她的家庭。,(1)that從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的句型有： ①It＋be＋形容詞(obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.)＋that從句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 可以肯定她會(huì)考得很好。 ②It＋be＋名詞詞組(no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise etc.)＋that從句。如： It's no surprise that our team has won the game. 我們隊(duì)贏了比賽并不驚奇。,③It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.)＋that從句。如： It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing. 據(jù)說(shuō)格林先生已經(jīng)到北京了。 It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 已經(jīng)定下來(lái)了，會(huì)議推遲到了下周一。 (2)在口語(yǔ)中，that?？墒÷裕绕涫窃诜浅６痰木渥又?，但that從句位于句首時(shí)，that是不能省略的。如： It's a pity(that) you're leaving.真遺憾你要離開(kāi)。 That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us. 我們被邀請(qǐng)去參加今晚的音樂(lè)會(huì)，這對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)好消息。,(3)whether連接從句時(shí)，表示懷疑，不能省略，意為“是否”，在句首時(shí)不能用if替換。 Whether he is free now is uncertain. 不能確定他現(xiàn)在是否有空。 (4)特殊疑問(wèn)詞連接從句時(shí)，特殊疑問(wèn)詞不能省略，在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。 When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided. 何時(shí)何地開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有定下來(lái)。,2．賓語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句可以作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)、介詞的賓語(yǔ)，還可作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。 (1)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that本身無(wú)任何意義，只起連接作用，?？梢允÷?。 I don't think (that) he will succeed. 我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)成功的。 (但多個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句中只能省略第一個(gè)that。) He said (that) he liked rain very much and that he wouldn't use an umbrella when it was raining. 他說(shuō)他非常喜歡下雨，下雨天他都不愿打傘。,(2)由who，whom，which，whose，what，when，where，why，how，whoever，whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)注意句子語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。 I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告訴了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣把工作做好。,(3)whether與if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 whether/if都可引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句，?？梢曰Q。但以下幾種情況下，只能用whether： ①后面直接跟or not時(shí)。 Let me know whether or not you can come. 請(qǐng)讓我知道你是否能來(lái)。 ②引導(dǎo)介詞賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。 We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting or not. 我們對(duì)你是否參加會(huì)議感興趣。,(4)it作形式賓語(yǔ)的情況 如果賓語(yǔ)從句后跟有補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，通常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，將賓語(yǔ)從句放到補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 我認(rèn)為每天多喝開(kāi)水是有必要的。,(5)有些動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，如like，hate，appreciate，hide，depend on，see to等，一般不直接跟賓語(yǔ)從句，需要在從句前加上it。 He took it that we were to stay here for the night. 他以為我們要在這里過(guò)夜。 I don't like it when you look at me like that! 我不喜歡你那樣看我。 You may depend on it that I shall always help you. 你要相信我會(huì)一直幫助你的。,3．表語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞有that，whether，who，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever，when，where，why，how，because等。 that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般不省略。如： My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning. 我的決定是我們所有人明天早上6點(diǎn)出發(fā)。 This is where our problem lies. 這就是我們的問(wèn)題所在。 Tomorrow is when it would be the most convenient. 明天是最方便的時(shí)候。,表語(yǔ)從句的幾種常見(jiàn)句型： ①The reason why從句＋be＋that從句 The reason why she called me was that she will not attend the party. 她給我打電話的原因是因?yàn)樗龑⒉粎⒓泳蹠?huì)。 ②This is because.這是因?yàn)椤?because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。 It may be because I didn't have a good sleep yesterday evening. 也許是因?yàn)槲易蛱焱砩蠜](méi)睡好。,③That is why.那就是……的原因 why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果 That is why he didn't come to the meeting. 那就是他沒(méi)來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)的原因。 ④It looks/seems as if/as though從句 It looked as if it was going to rain. 天好像要下雨。 It looks as if she was drunk. 看上去她好像喝醉了似的。(虛擬語(yǔ)氣),4．同位語(yǔ)從句 (1)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，應(yīng)在某些抽象名詞如fact，hope，desire，thought，suggestion，idea，news，problem，possibility等后，對(duì)前面的名詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用，that只起引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，一般不省略。如： There's a feeling in me that we'll never know what a UFO is. 我有一種感覺(jué)，我們將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道不明飛行物是什么。 The hope that he may recover is not gone yet. 他可能恢復(fù)的希望還沒(méi)有破滅。,(2)whether連接從句時(shí)從句來(lái)源于一般疑問(wèn)句，whether不能省略，意為“是否”，不能用if替換。 He asked her the question whether they can be friends. 他問(wèn)了她一個(gè)問(wèn)題，他們能否成為朋友。 (3)特殊疑問(wèn)詞連接從句時(shí)從句來(lái)源于特殊疑問(wèn)句，特殊疑問(wèn)詞不能省略，在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。 He showed us his way how he worked out that problem. 他向我們展示了他是如何解決那個(gè)問(wèn)題的。 (4)同位語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，即主謂語(yǔ)序。,特別注意：同位語(yǔ)從句與名詞之間有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)插入成分，形成間隔性同位語(yǔ)從句。 The news came that Patrick Modiano won the 2014 Nobel Prize in literature. 消息傳來(lái)說(shuō)帕特里克·莫迪亞諾獲得了2014諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。,[考點(diǎn)二] 易混點(diǎn)辨析 1．連接詞的用法區(qū)別,The problem is that we don't have enough money. What he said is very important to us. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. The hope (that) she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.,2．wh-ever與no matter wh-的用法區(qū)別 wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性關(guān)系從句，又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；而no matter wh-只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如： Whatever I said，he wouldn't listen to me. ＝No matter what I said，he wouldn't listen to me. 無(wú)論我說(shuō)什么，他都不會(huì)聽(tīng)我的。(讓步狀語(yǔ)從句) He would believe whatever I said. 我說(shuō)什么他都信。(賓語(yǔ)從句),