2019-2020年高考英語大一輪復習 冠詞 北師大版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語大一輪復習 冠詞 北師大版 一、不定冠詞的基本用法 1．表示數(shù)量“一”，相當于“one”。 I’ll return in a day or two. 2．表示“同一”，相當于“the same”。 The children are of an age. 3．表示泛指或類指，指人或事物的某一個、某一類。 He wants to be a doctor. 4．用于某一些表示重量、長度、時間等單位前，表示“每一”。 We have meals three times a day. 5．用于專有名詞前表示類似的一個或某一個，相當于“a certain”。 A Mr.Li is asking to see you. 6．與某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞連用，表示“一種、一類、一份、一場、一陣……”。 a heavy rain 7．用在某些固定詞組中。 have a swim＝swim 二、定冠詞的基本用法 1．用于上文提到過的人或事物前。 I have bought a book.The book is very useful. 2．用于說話人與聽話人都知道的人或事物前。 Close the window，please. 3．用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物前，如：the sun。 4．用于表示方位的名詞之前，如：in the east。 5．用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級之前，如：the first。 6．用于形容詞之前，使其名詞化，表示一類人。 7．用于由普通名詞構成的專有名詞之前。 8．用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島、建筑物等的名詞之前，如：the West Lake。 9．用于復數(shù)姓氏之前，表示“夫婦”或“全家”。 10．用于作為課程或演奏等的西洋樂器名詞前，如：play the piano，play the violin。 11．用于表示單位的名詞前，如：by the day按日。 12．用于年代、朝代、時代名詞前，如：in the 1970s。 13．用于某些固定詞組中，如：in the morning。 三、不用冠詞的情況 1．不含普通名詞的專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前，一般不加冠詞，如：China，America。 2．可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限制時，不加冠詞。 Einstein’s theory proved to be correct. 3．季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐名稱前一般不加冠詞，如：March，have supper。 4．稱呼語前不加冠詞。 What shall I do next，Mother? 5．表示獨一無二的頭銜、職務名詞作表語、同位語或補足語時，一般不加冠詞。 6．學科名稱、球類、棋類名稱前不加冠詞。 7．復數(shù)名詞表示泛指一類人或事物時，前不加冠詞。 8．在與by連用的交通工具名稱前不加冠詞。 9．連系動詞turn后的表語單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。 The young worker has turned writer. 10．a(chǎn)s，though引導的倒裝讓步狀語從句中的表語(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)置于句首時不加冠詞。 Child as he is，he knows a lot. 11．某些固定詞組中不加冠詞，如：husband and wife，arm in arm。 1. It’s________good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them________pleasure.(xx福建，21) A．/；a B．a(chǎn)；/ C．the；a D．a(chǎn)；the 2．If we sit near________front of the bus，we’ll have ________better view.(xx山東，22) A．/；the B．/；a C．the；a D．the；the 3．The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that________people from all walks of life are working hard for________new Jiangsu.(xx江蘇，21) A．/；a B．/；the C．the；a D．the；the 4．There are over 58,000 rocky objects in________space，about 900 of which could fall down onto________earth.(xx遼寧，22) A．the；the B．/；the C．the；/ D．a(chǎn)；the 5．What ______ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive ________ prize！(xx陜西，6) A．a(chǎn)；a B．the；a C．a(chǎn)；the D．the；the 一、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 1．In the United States，there is always a flow of people to areas of ________________(農(nóng)村)． 2．In many places of China，the bicycle is still __________________________________(一種很受歡迎的交通方式)． 3．My neighbor asked me to go for ______________(散步)，but I don’t think I’ve got the energy. 4．—I’m sorry I can’t accept ______________________(提供的價格)． —Well，I’m sure you can’t find a better bargain. 5．—Could you tell me ________________________________(去威廉家的路)，please? —Sorry，we don’t have a William here in the munity. 6．________________________________________________(從他的臉色判斷)，he must have news of great excitement to tell us. 7．The first time I met him in his office，he shook me ____________________(握手) warmly and then introduced himself to me. 二、單項填空 1．I’m your cousin，John.You don’t have to go to ________ hotel.I can find you ________ bed in my apartment. A．/；a B．a(chǎn)；the C．the；a D．the；the 2．In science fiction we read of flying saucers travel through________ space，so people want to have ________ better knowledge of the universe. A．the；a B．/；/ C．the；/ D．/；a 3.________ Macao(澳門) ten years ago has bee ________ more attractive Macao since it returned to China. A．/；a B．The；a C．The；/ D．A；the 4．Now we can pick up ________ weather information from ________ new type of ________ weather satellite. A．the；a；/ B．/；the；the C．/；a；/ D．/；a；a 5．Polar bears live mostly on ________ sea ice，which they use as ________ platform for hunting seals. A．a(chǎn)；a B．a(chǎn)；the C．/；a D．the；/ 6．—Have you heard that eleven people were killed on the spot in the highway traffic accident? —Yes，what ________ shock it is to hear ________ news. A．a(chǎn)；a B．a(chǎn)；the C．/；/ D．the；/ 7．—See ________ light in the sky? —Yes，it’s moving fast.It must be ________ plane. A．a(chǎn)；the B．the；/ C．the；a D．/；a 8．First impressions are the most lasting.After all，you never get________second chance to make________first impression. A．a(chǎn)；the B．the；the C．a(chǎn)；a D．the；a 9．Let’s go to ________ cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for ________ while. A．the；the B．the；a C．a(chǎn)；the D．a(chǎn)；a 10．Have you heard ________ news？The price of ________ petrol is going up again! A．the；the B．/；the C．the；/ D．/；/ 11．—Look! Sammy has ________ tense expression on her face. —So she does.It seems that ________ news is true. A．a(chǎn)；/ B．a(chǎn)；the C．the；/ D．the；a 12．“Long time no see” is ________ sort of informal，but it is part of ________ language that Americans use daily. A．the；a B．a(chǎn)；the C．/；the D．a(chǎn)；a 13．If you go by ________ train，you can have quite a fortable journey，but make sure you get ________ fast one. A．the；the B．/；a C．the；a D．/；/ 14．Numbers of terrorists attacks in the last few years have signaled that counterterrorism remains ________ long term goal for ________ world. A．the；a B．a(chǎn)；the C．the；the D．a(chǎn)；a 15．—I find ________ environment is getting worse and worse. —Yes，that is because we human go against ________ nature. A．the；the B．the；/ C．a(chǎn)n；the D．/；the 16．________ beauty of ________ picture does not depend only on its subject but on its style. A．The；a B．A；the C．The；the D．A；a 17．It was not ________ surprise that the young man didn’t get the opportunity to reach ________ final in the game. A．the；a B．the；/ C．/；a D．a(chǎn)；the 18．Having received ________training of the TCL pany，he was offered ________ important position in management. A．the；an B．/；an C．the；/ D．a(chǎn)；a 19．I wonder what it feels like to be one of ________ really rich.The Browns already have Rolls Royce and now they are buying ________ third. A．the；the B．/；a C．the；a D．/；the 20．At ________ dawn，the river water had risen to ________ height of the main road beside it. A．the；a B．/；the C．the；the D．/；a 答案 感悟高考 1．B　[句意為：上海世博會給人們帶來的“樂趣”，使他們感覺良好。根據(jù)句意，此處feeling是指具體的感覺，故應是可數(shù)名詞，應用a；而給人們帶來的“樂趣”是抽象概念，pleasure此處為不可數(shù)名詞，故不用冠詞。] 2．C　[句意為：我們?nèi)绻诠财嚨那安?，會有一個更好的視野。the front of...……的前部(指某一范圍內(nèi)的前部)；view表示“(一次)觀看；一睹；一覽”時，為可數(shù)名詞。] 3．A　[句意為：這兒的游客對這一事實印象極為深刻，那就是來自各行各業(yè)的人正在為一個全新的江蘇而奮斗著。第一空泛指各行各業(yè)的人；a new Jiangsu一個全新的江蘇。] 4．B　[句意為：太空中有58,000多個由巖石組成的物體，其中大約有900個可能會落到地球上。in space為固定短語，意為“在太空中”；表示世界上獨一無二的東西(尤其是天體)的名詞前用定冠詞，earth指“獨一無二”的地球，故其前加the。] 5．C　[句意為：你不能去那里領獎簡直太遺憾了！第一空為泛指，表示“一件令人遺憾的事”；第二空表示“得到的獎品”，為特指。] 領悟語法 一、1.the country　2.a popular means of transportation 3．a(chǎn) walk　4.the price offered　5.the way to the Williams 6．Judging from the look on his face　7.by the hand 二、1.C　[句中的hotel應該是對話雙方都知道的特定的；而bed在句中應該表泛指，故選擇C。] 2．D　[space作“太空，空間”講時，是不可數(shù)名詞，前不需冠詞。have a knowledge of 意為“對……理解/熟悉”。如He has a good knowledge of politics.他對政治非常熟悉。故D是正確答案。] 3. B　[第一個Macao特指10年前的澳門；第二個Macao前有形容詞修飾，故用a表示“一個更吸引人的澳門”。] 4．C　[information是不可數(shù)名詞，且不表示特指，故其前不用冠詞；a new type of意為“一種新型……”，of常接不帶冠詞的名詞單、復數(shù)形式。] 5．C　[sea ice為物質(zhì)名詞，因此其前不加冠詞；platform講臺；平臺，為可數(shù)名詞，在此為泛指“一個平臺”。] 6．B　[shock在此表示“令人吃驚的事”，常與a連用；第二空用the表示news是特指的。] 7．C　[light應該是說話雙方都知道的東西；第二空用a表示泛指任何一架飛機。] 8．C　[句意為：第一印象是持續(xù)時間最長的。畢竟，你永遠不會再有機會給人留下一個第一印象。序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞表示“再一次”；第二個空表示給人留下一個第一印象，所以兩空格都用不定冠詞。] 9．B　[go to the cinema固定搭配，表示“去看電影”；for a while固定搭配，表示“一會兒”。] 10．C　[句意為：你聽說這條消息了嗎？油價又上漲了！第一空特指下文的消息，應用定冠詞the；第二空后的petrol為泛指，且是不可數(shù)名詞，故不用冠詞。] 11．B　[以輔音音素開頭的詞前加a；此處news為特定的消息。] 12．C　[sort of 意為“有幾分，有些”；language后接定語從句，故應為特指。] 13．B　[by＋交通工具時，by后無冠詞；而第二個空為泛指。] 14．B　[remain/keep...a goal意為“以……為目標”；the world指獨一無二的事物。] 15．B　[指自然環(huán)境或生態(tài)環(huán)境時，environment前面要加the；作“自然、自然界”解的nature是不可數(shù)名詞，前面通常不用冠詞。] 16．A　[名詞后有修飾成分時，前加the; a picture表泛指。] 17．D　[surprise表“令人驚訝的人(事)”，前加a; reach the final指“到最后，到達終點”。] 18．A　[training后有修飾成分為特指；important以元音音素開頭，故用an。] 19．C　[the＋某些形容詞表一類人或物；a＋序數(shù)詞表“再一、又一”。] 20．B　[考查冠詞。at dawn(在黎明時分)為固定搭配；height后有修飾語，故屬特指。因此其前應加the。]