2019年高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)輔導(dǎo)與測試 第1部分 Unit 4 Pygmalion時訓(xùn)練 新人教版選修8.doc

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2019年高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)輔導(dǎo)與測試 第1部分 Unit 4 Pygmalion時訓(xùn)練 新人教版選修8 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 Twothirds of the worlds major rivers have now been disrupted with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power.In the US，there are more than 85,000 dams，disrupting large and small rivers，and in most cases transforming natural flow.The most famous of these，the Hoover Dam，constructed in the 1930s，is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean. Dams，besides all their attractive benefits，also have negative impacts.Creating a reservoir means a large area must be floodedmunities may lose their land，houses and culturally important sites. Environmentally，the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife，especially birds; however，it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water.Also，the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with，resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs.Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows，for example，may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry. Downstream(在下游方向)of a dam，the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.Many rivers run through national borders，which may cause conflict over precious water.Disputes have been continuing between India and Pakistan，and Turkey，Syria and Iraq，for example. Dams dont just block the flow of water.They also prevent fish migrations，and dams are a barrier to sediment (沉淀物)flows.Instead of rushing downriver，sediments get backed up against the dam wall，which causes the reservoir level to increase over time.However，sediments which are rich in nutrients have bee a problem.The fertility of the entire system can be influenced，with soils lost during seasonal rains not being replaced. Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas，which are sinking into the oceans.Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city，causing the city to sink，and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced.The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria. 1．The Hoover Dam is mentioned in the passage in order to show________. A．dams play an important role in our life B．dams have impacted the flow of the rivers C．dams make people lose their land and houses D．dams have many benefits as well as side effects 2．What effects does creating a reservoir have on peoples life? a．People will see fewer birds on the sides of the rivers. b．Farmers will have less water to irrigate their fields. c．Visitors cant visit some cultural relics any more. d．More conflicts and wars over water will break out. e．More kinds of fish will bee extinct in future. A．a(chǎn)，c　　　　　　　　　 B．c，e C．b，e D．b，c 3．With many dams built across the rivers，fish________. A．will find more places to lay their eggs B．will face a dangerous habitat C．will be fed on more sediments rich in nutrients D．will find it easier to deal with the rise of water 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Environmental loss of dams. B．Cultural loss of dams. C．Economic gain of dams. D．Environmental benefits of dams.　 Ⅱ.完形填空 I was parked in front of the mall wiping off my caring my way from across the parking lot was__1__society would consider a bum.From the__2__of him，he had no car，no home，no clean clothes，and no money.He sat down in front of the bus stop but didnt look like he could have enough money to even__3__the bus.“Thats a very pretty car，”he said.He was in__4__but he had a(n)__5__of dignity around him.I said，“thanks，”and__6__wiping off my car.He sat there__7__as I worked.The__8__beg for money never came.As the__9__between us widened something inside said，“ask him if he needs any help.”I was sure that he would say“yes”．“Do you need any help？”I asked.He answered in three__10__but profound words that I shall never__11__.“Dont we all？”he said. I had been feeling__12__，successful and important until those three words__13__me like a shotgun.Dont we all？I needed help.Maybe not for bus fare or a place to sleep，but I needed help.I__14__in my wallet and gave him not only enough for bus fare，but enough to get a warm meal and__15__for the day.Those three little words still ring__16__. No matter how much you have，no matter how much you have__17__，you need help too.No matter how__18__you have，no matter how__19__you are with problems，even without money or a place to sleep，you can__20__help. 1.A.that　　　　　　　　 B．what C．which D．how 2．A.expressions B．manners C．looks D．a(chǎn)ttitudes 3．A.ride B．buy C．drive D．stop 4．A.wealth B．size C．style D．rag 5．A.air B．a(chǎn)tmosphere C．a(chǎn)ppearance D．figure 6．A.finished B．stopped C．continued D．began 7．A.quietly B．casually C．a(chǎn)imlessly D．eagerly 8．A.considered B．expected C．designed D．supposed 9．A.situation B．sigh C．doubt D．silence 10．A.simple B．plex C．strange D．ripe 11．A.accept B．forget C．respond D．choose 12．A.low B．narrow C．high D．wide 13．A.frightened B．moved C．wounded D．hit 14．A.reached B．searched C．looked up D．exposed 15．A.shelter B．clothes C．reward D．blanket 16．A.nice B．ridiculous C．true D．proper 17．A.struggled B．devoted C．a(chǎn)pplied D．a(chǎn)cplished 18．A.few B．many C．little D．enough 19．A.filled B．puzzled C．contented D．equipped 20．A.receive B．give C．need D．seek　 Ⅲ.對話填空 閱讀下列對話，掌握其大意，并根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或所提供單詞的正確形式。 Karen：Where is Dawn？I can’t find him anywhere. Selina：He is in hospital. Karen：Oh，my God.How did he fall ill? Selina：He was doing exercise yesterday afternoon.Unfortunately，he broke his right wrist and couldn’t lift anything. Karen：Sorry to hear that.He was too__1__(care) .Who sent him to__2__hospital? Selina：Some schoolmates did first aid and called the hospital.Minutes later，an__3__came and took him to the hospital.Now he__4__(treat) there.That’s__5__you haven’t seen him today. Karen：Who is looking after him？Are his__6__with him? Selina：No one.They are both busy. Karen：Poor Dawn.I think__7__should do something to help him. Selina：Quite right.I will take care of him in the daytime and I’ll try to entertain him__8__(drive)off his loneliness. Karen：I’ll spare some time to stay with him，too.The most important，I want to help him__9__his studies. Selina：Good idea.I hope he__10__(recover)soon and e back to the school to study with us. 詳解答案 課時訓(xùn)練(三十九) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 【語篇解讀】　本文主要講的是人類在世界各地修建的大壩對環(huán)境造成的影響。 1．選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“and in most cases transforming natural flow...no longer reaches the ocean”可知，文章中提到胡佛大壩是為了說明大壩可以影響河的流向，故選B。 2．選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末句和第四段首句可知，隨著大壩的修建，蓄水淹沒了一些文化遺跡，并且導(dǎo)致下游的農(nóng)民無法灌溉農(nóng)作物，故選D。 3．選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water”可知，隨著水壩的修建，蓄水會釋放出溫室氣體，使水有毒，所以魚的生活環(huán)境會變得危險，故選B。 4．選A　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講的是修建大壩對環(huán)境造成的影響，故選A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章描述了我在商場前擦車時遇到一位無業(yè)游民，他雖然衣衫襤褸，可在我問他是否需要幫助時，他卻說了一句話：“我們不都需要幫助嗎？”雖然這句話很簡單易懂，但卻使我受到極大震撼。 1．選B　連接代詞what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中作consider的賓語。 2．選C　由文意可知此人衣衫破舊，因而“我”認(rèn)為他一無所有。looks在此表示“the appearance of sb./sth.”，即外表，符合文意。expressions指面部表情，不符合文意。 3．選A　文章倒數(shù)第二段中提到我給了他足夠的錢可以買車票，所以A項ride為最佳答案，ride the bus意為“乘公共汽車”。 4．選D　in rag意為“衣衫襤褸”，既然對方為無業(yè)游民，他應(yīng)該是衣衫襤褸，故選D符合語境。 5．選A　從下文dignity“尊嚴(yán)”可知，對方雖然貧窮，但有尊嚴(yán)。注意此處air意為“神態(tài)；感覺”。其他選項不符合文意。 6．選C　文章開頭提到我在擦車，而下文提到“as I worked”，說明仍在擦車，故選C項。 7．選A　由下文something inside said...he would say“yes”可知，他在旁邊靜靜地看著我干活，故選quietly“輕聲地，安靜地”。casually意為“偶然地，無意地”；aimlessly意為“漫無目的地，無目標(biāo)地”；eagerly意為“渴望地，熱切地”。 8．選B　由上下文可推知，他一無所有，所以我認(rèn)為他必然會開口向我要錢，故選B項。considered意為“經(jīng)過深思熟慮的”；expected意為“預(yù)料到的”；designed意為“被設(shè)計的”；supposed“信以為真的”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選expected。 9．選D　當(dāng)我們之間的沉默繼續(xù)擴大時，我內(nèi)心有個聲音：“問一下他是否需要什么幫助。”故選D項silence，意為“沉默”。situation意為“形勢，情況”；sigh意為“嘆氣，嘆息”；doubt意為“懷疑”。 10．選A　由but profound和下文他說的話可知，他說的話是簡單的“Dont we all”。simple意為“簡單的”；plex意為“復(fù)雜的，綜合的”；strange意為“奇怪的”；ripe意為“成熟的”。 11．選B　通過下文Those three little words still...可知，他簡單而含義深遠(yuǎn)的話讓我永遠(yuǎn)難以忘記，故選forget。accept意為“接受”；forget意為“忘記”；respond意為“回答”；choose意為“選擇”。 12．選C　high意為“高的”，與句中的successful，important并列呼應(yīng)。句意為“我在此之前一直認(rèn)為自己地位高、很成功，是個重要人物”，其他選項不符合文意。 13．選D　通過下文like a shotgun，可知他的話對我震動很大。frighten意為“使驚嚇”；move意為“移動，使感動”；wound意為“受傷”；hit意為“打，擊”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選hit。 14．選A　reach in my wallet意為“伸手到錢包里拿(錢)”；search意為“搜尋……”；look up意為“(在字典上)查找”；expose意為“暴露”。根據(jù)文意，A項正確。 15．選A　shelter在此意為“居所；住處”。從下文的for the day和sleep可以推知，我給他的錢足夠買車票、吃飯和尋找住處。 16．選C　從上下文理解可知，他的話是對的，我至今沒忘。ring true相當(dāng)于sound true，聽起來是對的、真實的，故選C。 17．選D　acplish意為“完成；實現(xiàn)”。從上下文理解可知，無論你擁有多少，無論你取得了多大成功，都需要別人的幫助，故選D項。struggle意為“斗爭”；devote意為“奉獻”；apply意為“申請”。 18．選C　和上文how much對比，應(yīng)該是how little。 19．選A　be filled with意為“裝滿”，從下文even without money or a place to sleep可推知，我們的生活充滿問題，甚至可能沒錢或沒睡覺的地方。其他選項不符文意。 20．選B　通過上文可知，即使生活可能貧窮，我們?nèi)匀豢梢越o予別人幫助，故選B項give，意為“給予”。 Ⅲ.對話填空 1．careless　2.the　3.ambulance　4.is being treated 5．why　6.parents　7.we　8.to drive　9.with 10．will recover