2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三Unit 1《Festivals around the world》語法導(dǎo)學(xué)案.doc

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2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三Unit 1《Festivals around the world》語法導(dǎo)學(xué)案 一、 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)（Learning aims）：使學(xué)生掌握各個情態(tài)動詞的基本用法 二、學(xué)習(xí)重點（Important points）：區(qū)分語氣相近的情態(tài)動詞 三、學(xué)習(xí)難點（Difficult points）：如何正確運用各個情態(tài)動詞 四、語法品味（體會一下我們生活中用到的情態(tài)動詞吧?。? 1. 在烏云密布的天氣：You had better take an umbrella in case it rains. 2. 在課堂上：You should listen to the teacher carefully. 3. 遇到陌生人問路：Can you tell me where the supermarket is? 4.遇到意外情況： His bike is broken. He has to walk to school. 五、總結(jié)提升（通過以上例句，你覺得情態(tài)動詞是啥東東呢?） 六、概念概述 情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的某種語氣或感情,不能單獨作謂語,必須和行為動詞或連系動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。(be able to/have to例外） 七、想一想 （到目前為止你都見過那些情態(tài)動詞呢？） 八、練一練 （寫出以下情態(tài)動詞的過去式及否定形式） 1.Can 2. may 3.will 4. shall 5.must 6. need 7.dare 8. have to 9.had better 10. ought to 九、常用情態(tài)動詞總匯 can / could / be able to may / might will / would (used to) shall / should (ought to) must / have to need / dare 十、重點講解 一）、can 和could (be able to) 1. 表示能力，意為“能，會”, could 為can 的過去式。 其否定式為can not / cannot, could not或簡寫成 cant, couldnt 自己舉例： can與be able to的區(qū)別： 1）can只有過去式，而be able to有各種時態(tài) If he studies hard, he will be able to pass the final exam. 2）can表示具備某種能力，而be able to則表示經(jīng)過努力成功地做到某事 At first he didnt agree with me, but I was able to persuade him. 高考考點：用于肯定句中，表示理論上的可能（有時候會） e.g. This street can be rather crowded in rush hours. 翻譯： cant用于否定句，意為“不可能”；用于一般疑問句意為“難道就不能” e.g. Can’t you borrow some? 翻譯: 4. 特殊句式 can not / can never too…或cannot…enough “再……也不過分，越……越好” One can’t be too careful. = One can’t be careful enough. can’t help doing / can’t help but do禁不住，不由得 Hearing the funny story, I couldnt help laughing. 二）、may 和might 1. 表示請求或允許（可以）might比may語氣更委婉。 肯定回答用Yes, you may./Yes, please./Certainly./Sure, go ahead. 否定回答用No, you mustn’t./No, you’d better not. 自己舉例： 2. （表示可能性）“可能，也許” 只用于陳述句，不用于疑問句，might的可能性比may小。may not表示“可能不”，can’t 表示“不可能” 3. may 用于表示祝愿、希望、乞求等，主要用于正式場合或書面語中。 May+主語+動詞原形 4. may / might as well ＋動詞原形 “還是……的好” You may / might as well go to see a doctor. 5. may / might a well +動詞原形 “很可能” 三）、will 和would 1. will 和would可表示說話者或主語的意愿，決心，意向 I will do all that I can to help you. 2. will用于祈使句的反意疑問句中。 Don’t forget to close the door, will you? 3. 用于第二人稱疑問句中，表示請求、建議或詢問對方意愿,would比will語氣更委婉 Would /Will you pass me the bottle? Would you like a cup of coffee? 高考考點：4. will可表客觀事實、功能或?qū)傩浴? The door won’t open. 四）、shall 1. 在疑問句中，用于第一、第三人稱，用來征詢對方意見、請求指示或提出建議。 What shall we do now? （征求對方意見） Mr. Smith wants to see you, manager. Shall he wait outside or in the office?（請求指示） It is a nice day. Shall we go out for a picnic? （提出建議） 2. 用在第二、第三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人的“允諾、警告、命令、威脅、決心”等語氣。 If you dare do that, you shall be punished.(警告，威脅） If you pass the college entrance examination, you shall get a puter.（允諾） Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.（決心） 3.應(yīng)該,應(yīng)當(dāng).用于條約，規(guī)定，規(guī)章等文件中，表示一種義務(wù)，多用于第三人稱中。 He shall have the right to own the house according to the law.（法律條文） ---Can I pay the bill by check? ---Sorry, sir. But its the management rules of our hotel that payment shall be made in cash.（規(guī)章制度） 4. 用在 Let’s do sth. 的反意疑問句中。 Let’s go swimming, shall we? 思考：let us do 的反意疑問句 五）、should 1. 表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，建議或勸告，意為 “應(yīng)該” You should keep your promise. Students shouldn’t smoke. 2. 表示推測 “按道理說應(yīng)該會，想必會”（按照常識或以往的經(jīng)驗） You should be hungry after the long walk. 高考考點：3. 表示說話人對某事不能理解，可翻譯成“居然”，“竟然”，“竟會”，表示意外和出乎意料。 It is surprising that he should have made such a foolish mistake. 4、表示語氣較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)（用于條件句中） “萬一” If the car should break down on the way, you would have to walk back. 5. 用于表示命令、建議、要求的詞后面，可省略。 He suggested that they (should) not waste time playing. 六）、must 1、表示義務(wù)或必要性，“必須，應(yīng)當(dāng)” must的否定式是must not/ mustn’t，意思是“不可以、禁止”，語氣強(qiáng)烈。 You must go to bed now. You mustn’t play with the knife; you may hurt yourself. 由must引出的一般疑問句， 肯定回答用must， 否定回答用needn’t 或don’t have to Must I stay at home? 我必須留在家里嗎？ Yes, you must. 是的，你必須留在家里。 No, you needn’t. 或No, you don’t have to.（不，不用了。） 2、表示推測 “一定，肯定” must be / must be doing/ must have done No one is answering the phone. They must be out. / You must be joking. 高考考點：3、表示固執(zhí)、主張、不滿等 “偏要，硬要，非得” 常用于疑問句和條件句中。 ----How old are you, madam? ----If you must know, I am twice my son’s age. John, must you practice playing the piano deep into the night? 十一、Practice練習(xí) 1. An Englishman who ____not speak Italian is now working in an Italian school. A. must B. can C. may D. might 2. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _____ be very slow. A. Should B. must C. will D. can 3. It has been announced that candidates (候選人）_____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 4. --- The room is so dirty. ____ we clean it? --- Of course. A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do 5. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ___ be so rude to a lady. A. Might B. need C. should D. would 6. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I ____ report it to the police? A. should B. may C. will D. can 7. ---Must we do it now? ---No, you______. A. won’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. don’t 8. Tom, you _____leave all your clothes on the floor like this. A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not 1-8 BDDBCABB 十二、每日背誦（今天先背誦can的用法吧） 1. At first he didnt agree with me, but I was able to persuade him. 2. This street can be rather crowded in rush hours. 3. He can be a doctor. 4. He can’t be a teacher. 5. Can’t you borrow some? 6.You can’t be too careful when you are crossing the road.