2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)選習(xí)題 模塊5 Unit 3 Science versus nature（含解析）牛津譯林版.doc

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2019牛津譯林高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)選習(xí)題：模塊5U3 一、閱讀理解。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 WELE TO THE RONALD REAGAN PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM Visit the limitedtime “Interactive！The Exhibition” at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum and save more than 30% on museum admission tickets with an audio tour. WHEN Through Feb.28,2017 WHATS INCLUDED $19(reg.$28)．..Admission for one person to the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum，including “Interactive！The Exhibition” with an audio tour.Please note：the virtual reality(虛擬現(xiàn)實) experience will be an additional cost and participants must be 10 years old or above. WHY WE LOVE IT The exhibition is a handson experience focusing on movies，TV，music and the arts Experience virtual reality,1980s video games，robots,3D printing Climb aboard Air Force One，view the expensive fortable presidential car and a Marine One helicopter. Explore Reagans legacy(遺產(chǎn))：Step into an Oval Office copy and see a piece of the Berlin Wall The audio tour has more than 50 stops and original material not copied in the exhibits WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW This is a seasonspecific event.All sales are final.No refunds(退款)or exchanges.Not valid after the expiration date.Valid any regular museum operating day through Feb.28,2017.Museum hours are 10 a．m.5 p．m.，seven days a week.Valid for one person.Cannot bine with other offers.Must use in one visit.Tickets include admission to “Interactive！The Exhibition” and the entire museums galleries and grounds. 1．What can visitors do while visiting the library and museum? A．Fly on Air Force One. B．Experience virtual reality for free. C．Approach technology of different times. D．Learn about the presidents daily routine. 2．What does the author say about the admission ticket? A．It can be enjoyed with other offers. B．It allows limitless visits to the museum. C．It isnt accessible to children. D．It cannot be changed once sold. 3．What type of writing is this passage? A．A notice.　　　　　　　B．An official report. C．An advertisement. D．A tour review. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了羅納德里根總統(tǒng)圖書館和博物館的開放時間、游覽內(nèi)容、票價優(yōu)惠等信息。 1．C　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)WHY WE LOVE IT部分中的“Experience virtual reality,1980s video games，robots,3D printing”可知，在參觀該地時，游客可以體驗虛擬現(xiàn)實、20世紀80年代的電子游戲、機器人、3D打印，即他們可以體驗不同時期的科技。故選C。 2．D　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“All sales are final.No refunds(退款)or exchanges”可知，所有的門票出售都是最終的、不可改變的，不提供退款或更換服務(wù)。故選D。 3．C　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章的形式和內(nèi)容可以判斷出，本文是有關(guān)羅納德里根總統(tǒng)圖書館和博物館的廣告。故選C。 二、單項選擇。 1.—I’ve had a bad cough recently. —Me too. I’ve never experienced _______ of air pollution in cities before. A. an acute problem B. a more acute problem C. a most acute problem D. the most acute problem 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容詞比較級表示最高級概念的用法。句意：在城市中，以前我從來沒經(jīng)歷過(比這)更嚴重的空氣污染問題。從 never , before 可以看出原來從來沒有比這更嚴重的，本句中用形容詞比較級表達的是最高級的概念，一個……的問題，用 a。 2.Recently, a video _______ “tiger attack in the zoo” became widespread on the Internet and aroused a heated discussion about who was actually responsible. A. being titled B. titled C. titling D. have titled 【答案】B 【解析】titled=which was titled。句意：最近，一段標題為“動物園里老虎的攻擊”的視頻在因特網(wǎng)上迅速傳播開來，并引起了一場關(guān)于實際上由誰來承擔(dān)責(zé)任的熱烈討論。 3.The pupils in our school like reading after lunch, most of _______ seated on the grass unless it rains. A. them B. whom C. that D. who 【答案】A 【解析】本題看似在考查代詞、關(guān)系代詞的用法，實際上最主要的還是與非謂語動詞有密切關(guān)系。根據(jù)題干可知， 句中的seated 為過去分詞， 因此選 A項， 構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)“most of them seated on the grass unless it rains”。句意：我校學(xué)生喜歡午飯后讀書，除非下雨，他們中大多數(shù)人就坐在草坪上讀書。 4.—Can you tell me what it means by “You can check out any time you like but you can never leave” from the song Hotel California? —It implies that drug users find themselves _______ in a prison from which they cannot escape. A. to be trapped B. having trapped C. trapped D. trapping 【答案】C 【解析】句意：吸毒者發(fā)現(xiàn)他們被困于監(jiān)獄中而不能逃跑。trap 與 themselves 是動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故選 C。find 后面作補足語的不定式不帶 to；B、D 兩項為主動意義。 5. _______ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here. A. Being attached B. Attached C. Attaching D. Having attached 【答案】B 【解析】我們可以將 Attached to the gift was a note 理解成 A note was attached to the gift 句意：附在禮物上的是一張便條，便條上說對在他在這里逗留期間我們給他的接待表示感謝。 6.Trump Tower, _______ as the headquarters for The Trump Organization, is a 58story skyscraper _______ in Midtown Manhattan. A. serving, located B. served, located C. served, locating D. serving, locating 【答案】A 【解析】Trump Tower 與 serve 是主謂關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞，由此可以排除 B、C 兩項；表示“位于某地點”，用固定短語“be located in...”，因此第二空用過去分詞。句意：川普大樓作為川普集團的總部，是一座坐落在曼哈頓的一棟 58 層的摩天大樓。 7.The type and quantity of illegal drugs a person is carrying when _______ by the police determine the punishment, _______ from a small fine to life imprisonment. A. caught; ranging B. caught; ranged C. catching; ranging D. catching; ranged 【答案】A 【解析】 catch 與 person 之間是動賓關(guān)系， 因此要用過去分詞， 排除 C、 D 兩項； range from...to...意為“從……到……”，不用被動。句意：一個人被警察抓獲時所攜帶的非法毒品的種類和數(shù)量決定了懲罰的輕重。范圍從少量罰金到終身監(jiān)禁不等。 8.Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices _______ in the world. A. heard B. having heard C. hearing D. to be heard 【答案】A 【解析】句意：女性應(yīng)該得到尊重，她們的聲音應(yīng)該讓全世界人聽到?！癿ake＋賓語＋過去分詞”這個結(jié)構(gòu)表示“使得……被……”，符合語境，make their voices heard 表示“讓她們的聲音被聽到”。 9.—Sharon, why is the man so upset now? —His wallet, mobile phone and ID card _______, the police are investigating and will send him to a social assistance station. A. was stolen B. stolen C. being stolen D. having stolen 【答案】B 【解析】句意：由于他的錢包、手機和身份證都被偷走了，所以警察正在調(diào)查，將把他送往一個社會救助站。根據(jù)句意可知，用“名詞＋過去分詞”這個獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，因為 steal 與名詞 wallet、mobile 和 IDcard 都為動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。 10.The draft regulation on the online protection of minors, _______ for public opinions by the cyberspace authorities, has drawn wide public concern. A. releasing B. having released C. to release D. released 【答案】D 【解析】 句意： 網(wǎng)絡(luò)部門發(fā)布的未成年人網(wǎng)絡(luò)保護條例草案， 引起了社會的廣泛關(guān)注。 根據(jù)題意可知， release和 draft 之間是動賓關(guān)系，即用過去分詞作定語。 11.To prevent further pollution, many people are _______ the use of alternative energy sources. A. applying to B. pensating for C. catering to D. pushing for 【答案】D 【解祈】句意：為了防止進一步的污染，許多人正在呼吁使用可替代的能源。apply to 適用于，應(yīng)用于； pensate for 賠償；cater to 迎合；push for 努力說服，力勸，呼吁。 12.The guest was pleased with the waiter so gave him a small sum _______ in consideration of his service. A. in terms of B. in place of C. in consideration of D. in need of 【答案】C 【解祈】in consideration of sth.=as payment for sth.作為……的報酬，作為……的酬勞。句意：客人對那位服務(wù)員很滿意，所以給了他一筆小費以酬謝他的服務(wù)。 13.I’m sure that she will remember the great favour he has _______ by offering her a home. A. promised B. made C. done D. instructed 【答案】C 【解祈】do sb. a favor 或 do a favor for sb. 的意思是“幫某人一個忙” 。the great favour 是先行詞，后面是定語從句。句意：我肯定的說，她會永遠記住他給予了她一個家的恩惠。 14.Large quantities of information as well as some timely help _______ since the organization was built. A. has offered B. had been offered C . have been offered D. is offered 【答案】C 【解析】as well as 連接兩個名詞詞組作主語時，動詞要與前一個名詞詞組在數(shù)上保持一致。而“Large quantities of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；再結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選 C 項。句意：自從該組織成立以后，它提供了大量的信息還有及時的幫助。 15.Difficult as the task was _______, they never gave up and kept trying all the time. A. to be acplished B. to acplish C. being acplished D. to have been acplished 【答案】B 【解析】句意：任務(wù)盡管很難去完成，他們卻從未放棄并一直在嘗試。此題是 as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句與 “sth+be+adj+to do”句式的結(jié)合，在“sth+be+adj+to do”句式中，動詞不定式用主動形式表示被動含 義。 三、完形填空。 When I was just out of college，I managed to get my dream job as a trader in New York City on the floor of the American Stock(證券)Exchange. Though it was a proud __1__，the job was simply too physically __2__—I must stand in a crowd every day，which often __3__ me in a mindset(思維模式)that held me back. Manhattan is a walking town and its difficult to __4__ when you have a disability.Taxies are expensive and riding the subway __5__ dozens of steep steps to get below the __6__.This left me only one __7__—the bus. One night，after the __8__ for my job，I was aching with selfpity __9__ it started to rain on my walk to the bus stop.I became more and more __10__ without an umbrella，thinking Id never __11__ it in this city and telling myself，“this city is just too hard” and “maybe it is just not possible for a guy like me”． And then，I __12__ the most beautiful，short moment.A couple came rolling by on roller skates，hand __13__ hand as they skated what seemed like the tango.They were all wet but they saw the __14__ as an opportunity and romance. I suddenly became grateful for waiting in the rain because I __15__ have missed this beauty __16__ if I had been in a taxi or on the subway.This，although __17__，was an important moment on my journey to discover the __18__ of achieving health and happiness.When I change my mindset，__19__ for a moment，to what is possible and work to get rid of the selflimiting beliefs that __20__ my daily actions，I will be on the road to a healthier，happier life. 1．A.adjustment B．a(chǎn)chievement C．a(chǎn)greement D．treatment 2．A.tiring B．boring C．relaxing D．disappointing 3．A.reminded B．expected C．took D．left 4．A.go up B．get around C．set off D．show up 5．A.requests B．supports C．requires D．surrounds 6．A.ground B．street C．town D．city 7．A.change B．chance C．idea D．choice 8．A.struggle B．work C．experience D．influence 9．A.before B．while C．when D．a(chǎn)fter 10．A.nervous B．curious C．scared D．upset 11．A.get B．make C．put D．watch 12．A.recalled B．observed C．witnessed D．realized 13．A.on B．by C．to D．in 14．A.rain B．tree C．wind D．cloud 15．A.shall B．would C．need D．must 16．A.exactly B．instantly C．entirely D．suddenly 17．A.strange B．small C．normal D．different 18．A.humor B．honesty C．power D．principle 19．A.still B．yet C．a(chǎn)lso D．even 20．A.affect B．follow C．forbid D．harm 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者工作很累，回家路上遇到下雨，心情沮喪。當看到一對夫婦在雨中溜冰的畫面，作者感覺到改變自己的思維模式會使自己走上一條更健康、更快樂的生活之路。文章告訴我們改變思維模式的重要性。 【核心詞匯】go up上升　get around四處走動 set off出發(fā)　show up出現(xiàn)，到場 1．B　根據(jù)第一段中的“I managed to get my dream job”可知，作者畢業(yè)后找到了自己理想的工作，這份工作應(yīng)是作者引以為傲的成就，故選B項，achievement意為“成就”。adjustment“調(diào)節(jié)”；agreement“同意，一致”；treatment“治療，對待”。 2．A　根據(jù)本句中的“I must stand in a crowd every day”可推知，這份工作是勞累的，故選A項，tiring意為“累人的，令人疲倦的”。relaxing“令人放松的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。 3．D　根據(jù)語境可知“我每天都必須站在人群中，這常常讓我有想退縮的思維模式”?！發(fā)eave＋sh.＋賓補”表示“讓某人……”，故選D項。remind“提醒”；expect“預(yù)期”。 4．B　根據(jù)上文的“Manhattan is a walking town”可知，曼哈頓是一個步行商業(yè)區(qū)，所以你有殘疾的話是很難四處走動(get around)的。go up“上升”；set off“出發(fā)”；show up“出現(xiàn)，到場”。 5．C　根據(jù)語境可知，出租車很貴，乘坐地鐵需要(requires)走下幾十個陡峭的臺階才能到達地下。request“請求”；support“支持”；surround“圍繞”。 6．A　根據(jù)本句中的“the subway”以及常識可知，人們在地面(ground)下乘坐地鐵，故選A項。 7．D　句意：這讓我只有一種選擇——公共汽車。根據(jù)上文提到的交通方式都不適合作者可知，此處表示作者唯一的選擇(choice)。 8．A　句意：一天晚上，在為我的工作苦苦奮斗后，我一直自怨自艾，當我走向公共汽車站的時候又下起了雨。根據(jù)語境可推知，此處是指在為工作奮斗(struggle)了一天之后。experience“經(jīng)歷”；influence“影響”。 9．C　參見上題解析。when在此處表示“當……的時候”，符合語境。 10．D　根據(jù)上文的“it started to rain”和空后的“without an umbrella”可知，下雨了，但是作者沒有帶傘，所以作者心情越來越沮喪(upset)。 11．B　根據(jù)上文可知，沒有雨傘，作者變得越來越沮喪，心想自己在這個城市里不會取得成功了。make it是固定短語，表示“達成目標，獲得成功，做成某事”。 12．C　句意：然后，我目睹了最美麗、最短暫的時刻。根據(jù)下文介紹的一對夫婦在雨中溜冰的畫面可知，這是作者看到的。recall“召回，回想起”；observe“觀察”；witness“目睹”；realize“認識到”。 13．D　句意：一對夫婦穿著溜冰鞋，手拉著手，他們溜冰的時候像是在跳探戈舞。hand in hand“手拉手地”，是固定搭配，故選D項。 14．A　根據(jù)上文的“it started to rain”和“They were all wet”可知，雖然他們身上都被淋濕了，但他們把雨(rain)當成是一個機會和一種浪漫。 15．B　句意：我突然對在雨中等待感到感激，因為如果我在出租車或地鐵上，我會完全錯過這美景。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是由if引導(dǎo)的對過去的虛擬句，結(jié)構(gòu)為“if＋主語＋had＋過去分詞，主語＋should/would /could＋have＋過去分詞”，所以選B項。 16．C　根據(jù)語境可知，作者覺得如果乘坐其他交通工具就會完全錯過這一幕，故選C項。exactly“正是，恰好”；instantly“立即，馬上”；entirely“完全地”；suddenly“突然”。 17．B　雖然這是生活中的一件小事，但卻是作者在探索健康和幸福的旅途中的一個重要時刻。strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；small“小的”；normal“正常的”；different“不同的”，故選B項。 18．C　根據(jù)語境可知，作者看到的這一幕給了作者力量。humor“幽默”；honesty“誠實，正直”；power“力量”；principle“原則”。 19．D　句意：當我改變我的思維模式去做可能的事情，并努力擺脫那些影響我日常行為的自我限制的信念時，即使是片刻，我都將會走上一條更健康、更快樂的生活之路。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“即使”。still“仍然”；yet“還，然而”；also“也，而且”；even“即使”。 20．A　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“影響(affect)我日常行為的自我限制的信念”。 四、七選五。 Youre growing up.That means youre probably experiencing lots of changes，all at once.Your body is changing.It might even seem as if your entire self is changing.It can be confusing and even scary. 1 And its good! Growing up means that you can do more，learn more，and start to make your mark on the world.In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow.Hormone levels change constantly，rising and falling. 2 But its partly to blame for intense emotions，surprising reactions，and mood swings. Because of the way your brain develops，it is somewhat ruled by emotions now and through your teen years.As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster！ 3 ●Take care of yourself.If you eat right，sleep enough，and get good exercise，your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress. ● 4 When you feel your moods swinging or youre upset，or confused，some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer. ●Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed. 5 Plus，when stuff happens during the day，youll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react.Your body is changing. A．Take a timeout. B．But the truth is，it happens to every teen. C．Work out regularly to keep physically fit. D．This changing is needed for your bodys development. E．It will help you fall asleep—and start the morning right. F．Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother. G．Usually，these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了青少年如何應(yīng)對成長過程中的一些變化。 1．B　[由空前的“confusing and even scary”和空后的“good”可知，空處在這里起承上啟下的作用，所以選B項。] 2．D　[由空前一句可知，荷爾蒙的水平一直在不斷地改變，忽高忽低；D項中的“This changing”與空前的“change”相對應(yīng)，所以選D項。] 3．F　[空前的“an emotional roller coaster”與F項中的“make the ride smoother”相對應(yīng)，且由下文列舉的幾個要點可知，F(xiàn)項符合文意。] 4．A　[由本段中的“一些安靜的時間將使你集中精神，安靜下來”可知，A項正確。] 5．E　[空前的“Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing”與E項中的“It”對應(yīng)，空前的“when you wake up”與E項的“start the morning right”對應(yīng)；空前的“when you go to bed”與E項的“fall asleep”對應(yīng)。所以選E項。]