浙江省2019年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解板塊限時(shí)練（三）訓(xùn)練.doc

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閱讀理解板塊限時(shí)練(三) (限時(shí)30分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Katherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim are experts on exercise addiction who believe that tech advances encourage obsessive (強(qiáng)迫性的) goal monitoring. Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech. Wearable tech is a term that describes clothing and accessories (配件) with electronic puterbased functions. Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records. Many of these devices either give you goals or ask you to set your own. Reach the goal, and the device emits a beep (發(fā)出嘟嘟聲). I’ve watched friends and family members respond to that beep, and it’s hard not to think of Pavlov’s dog — with Pavlov’s dog, associating the sound of a bell with the smell of food caused the dog to drool (流口水) when the bell rang. Schreiber and Sim both recognized that smartwatches and fitness trackers have probably encouraged people who aren’t very active to exercise more consistently. But as experts in addiction, they were convinced the devices were also quite dangerous. Schreiber explained that “focusing on numbers divorces you from being in tune with your body. Exercising bees mindless, which is ‘the goal’ of addiction.” Numbers pave the road to obsession. “When it es to exercise, everything can be measured，” Sim says. “How many calories you burn; how many laps you run; how fast you go. And if you went, say, two miles yesterday, you don’t want to go less than that today. It bees fairly pulsive.” Many of Sim’s patients experience this constant need to check in. A tenyearold boy who visited her clinic in Minneapolis was known for being a fast runner, and he was very proud of his speed. His biggest concern was that he might slow down, so he constantly checked his speed by moving all the time. “He would drive his parents crazy. When they visited Minneapolis for their evaluation, he kept the entire hotel awake at night. They were getting plaints because he was running around his room.” Most people bee obsessive when they’re focusing on numbers. Even if you’re tired, and feel you need to rest, you’ll continue walking or running till you reach your arbitrary numerical goal. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。專家指出，使用健身追蹤器容易導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)成癮癥。 1．What is Schreiber and Sim’s attitude towards wearable fitness trackers? A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Curious. 解析：選A　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由第一段末的“Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech.”及第二段中的“Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records.”可知，這兩位專家反對(duì)使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器。 2．Which kind of people act like Pavlov’s dog? A．Those who have pet dogs. B．Those who do exercise regularly. C．Those who pursue their goals in life. D．Those who use wearable fitness devices. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。由第二段中的最后兩句話可知，那些使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器的人在聽到達(dá)到目標(biāo)后設(shè)備發(fā)出的嘟嘟聲時(shí)的反應(yīng)讓人想起蘇聯(lián)生理學(xué)家和實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)家巴甫洛夫的狗。這只狗經(jīng)訓(xùn)練后一聽到鈴聲就以為美食到了，因此會(huì)流口水。據(jù)此推斷，那些使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器的人的行為就像巴甫洛夫的狗。 3．How did the tenyearold boy drive his parents mad? A．He was addicted to running. B．He couldn’t run fast enough. C．He kept plaining about them. D．He paid little attention to his studies. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“His biggest concern ... moving all the time.”及“he kept the entire hotel awake ... running around his room”可知，這個(gè)男孩跑步成癮導(dǎo)致他的父母抓狂。 B For the past three summers, Jenny Howard has worked on Seal Island, Maine. Howard, who holds a bachelor’s degree in arts and biology with an environmental science concentration from Kenyon College in Ohio, is the supervisor (主管) for Project Puffin, a seabird restoration project. She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season. The puffin with a colorful beak (喙) is often referred to as a “sea parrot”. They were hunted more than 150 years ago for food and feathers and disappeared from Seal Island, once home to the largest puffin habitat in Maine. Dr. Steve Kress, founder of Project Puffin, reintroduced the puffin to the island 40 years ago. From midMay to midAugust, crews live in tents that are on top of 8footwide wooden platforms, overlooking a rocky beach. “You get really close to people really fast because you’re spending all your time with them，” Howard said. The crew brings only what they can carry on their backs when they travel to the island: clothes, books, and food. There’s no refrigeration on the island, and with the exception of two solarpowered lights, there’s no electricity either. Food and fresh water are delivered every 10 days by a local. The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin. It offers more protection than the tents and is where most of the research and data entry are done. It’s also a safe place for the crew to cook and stay warm. For Howard, the best part of a day spent on the island is getting to play with the birds. “You see a baby chick, and you can’t help but smile，” Howard said. “It’s a pletely different style of life from the average person, but I just love the work, and I love waking up and getting excited about what I’m going to do.” 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Jenny Howard是“海鸚項(xiàng)目”的主管，為了觀察和保護(hù)海鸚的繁殖，她和志愿者們一起住在海豹島上，過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)單而快樂(lè)的生活。 4．What does Howard do on Seal Island? A．She protects puffins from hunting. B．She helps Dr. Kress with his research. C．She helps puffins with their productivity. D．She studies for an environmental science degree. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season.”可知，Howard住在海豹島上是為了觀察和保護(hù)海鸚繁殖，以使其數(shù)量不斷增加。 5．What does the underlined word “people” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The hunters.　　　　 B．The locals. C．The puffins. D．The volunteers. 解析：選D　詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds”和第三段中的“crews live in tents that are on top of 8footwide wooden platforms”可知，Howard和志愿者們一起住在狹小的帳篷里，很快就互相了解了。 6．How are the working conditions on Seal Island? A．Poor. B．Safe. C．Flexible. D．Satisfying. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容和第五段中的“The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin.”可以推知，島上的生活和工作條件都很艱苦。 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．Do what you like B．Rare seabirds on Seal Island C．Living simply to help save puffins D．Reintroducing puffins to Seal Island 解析：選C　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了Jenny Howard和她的同伴們住在海豹島上保護(hù)海鸚的故事，故C項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最能概括文章主旨。 C The other day, my sister and I were sitting in a restaurant, trying to have a conversation, but her children, fouryearold Willow and sevenyearold Luca, would not stop fighting. The arguments — over a fork, or who had more water in a glass — never stopped. Then my sister reached into her handbag, produced two shiny iPads (蘋果平板電腦), and handed one to each child. Suddenly, the two were quiet. They sat playing games and watching videos, and we continued with our conversation. After our meal, as my sister stuffed the iPads back into her bag, she said，“I don’t want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. I’m afraid it’s bad for them. I do worry that it makes them think it’s OK to use electronics at the dinner table in the future.” Dr. Gary Small, director of the Longevity Center at the University of California, Los Angeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli (刺激物), like iPads and smartphone screens, and if people spend too much time on one technology, and less time interacting (互動(dòng)) with people like parents at the dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain munication skills. “Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves, and learn how to be alone，” said Sherry Turkle, a professor of science, technology and society at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, which often have imperfections, will e to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy (親密) without risk. However, they need to be able to gather themselves and know who they are. So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone. “If you don’t teach your children to be alone, they’ll only know how to be lonely，” she said. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。用iPad讓孩子們安靜下來(lái)似乎很有效，但是這樣做對(duì)嗎？ 8．What did Willow and Luca fight about? A．iPads. B．Little things. C．Delicious food. D．Interesting things. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The arguments — over a fork, or who had more water in a glass — never stopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca為一些小事爭(zhēng)吵。 9．According to Dr. Small, what should parents do? A．Provide their children with various technologies. B．Teach their children munication skills. C．Talk to their children at the dinner table. D．Limit their children’s screen time. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“if people spend too much time on one technology ... prevent the development of certain munication skills”可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用電子設(shè)備有礙于孩子們一些溝通技能的發(fā)展，因此家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該限制孩子使用這些設(shè)備的時(shí)間。 10．What is Sherry Turkle worried? A．Children are afraid of taking risks. B．Children try to escape from the real world. C．Children can’t live without electronic devices. D．Children can’t deal with panionless situations. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“She fears that children who ... a false sense of intimacy (親密) without risk.”可知，Sherry Turkle擔(dān)心孩子們習(xí)慣了電子設(shè)備的陪伴，認(rèn)為真正的人際交往也是如此，隨時(shí)隨地有人陪伴，因此他們會(huì)受不了孤單。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 When hiring managers post jobs, they get more applications than they want to go through.__11__ Avoiding these mon job application mistakes will help keep your application out of the garbage. __12__ The instructions are very important.Failing to follow instructions will get your application thrown away because it shows the hiring manager that you lack attention to detail. Ignore the required attachments (附件)． When a job posting requires more than an application form, the organization is telling you that they will use these additional materials to make the decision.__13__ Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments. Apply for a job you are obviously overqualified for. Someone with 20 years of experience in academic research who applies for a technician (技術(shù)員) position can obviously perform the tasks; however, this person is almost certainly a bad hire.__14__ Leave the reader confused. Often hiring managers want a clear picture of what each candidate will bring to the job. __15__ Be as brief as possible while giving a thorough explanation of why you would be good for the job. A．Work out the details carefully. B．Using too many long or rare words will bore readers. C．Pay no attention to instructions on the application form. D．This person would find the position boring and leave soon. E．They try to sort out people who are unlikely to be successful in the job. F．Applying for a job you are unqualified for wastes your time and the employer’s time. G．If you ignore these materials, the hiring manager is missing information to pare you with other applicants. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。當(dāng)我們?cè)谏暾?qǐng)工作時(shí)，我們的職位申請(qǐng)表如何才能不被招聘者丟到一邊？文章建議我們要避免一些不必要的錯(cuò)誤。 11．選E　根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容可知，招聘者要瀏覽很多的申請(qǐng)表，所以他們要努力淘汰一些他們認(rèn)為不能勝任該職位的申請(qǐng)人。 12．選C　由本段的內(nèi)容可知，作者告誡我們一定要注意招聘廣告上的說(shuō)明，如果不按照要求做的話，那招聘者會(huì)認(rèn)為你不注重細(xì)節(jié)。因此C項(xiàng)作為小標(biāo)題，告訴我們一個(gè)求職者會(huì)犯的錯(cuò)誤：忽略申請(qǐng)表上的指示。 13．選G　根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容“Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.”可知，如果你忽略了這些東西，招聘者就不能用這些信息來(lái)把你與其他人相比較，這樣就可能會(huì)因?yàn)橄嚓P(guān)附件的缺失而導(dǎo)致我們的申請(qǐng)表被扔到一邊。 14．選D　根據(jù)前文可知，對(duì)于一個(gè)能力大于實(shí)際職位需要的人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們有可能會(huì)在工作之后不久就會(huì)感到無(wú)聊而離職，因此這也不是一個(gè)成功的招聘。 15．選B　根據(jù)空后的“Be as brief as possible”可知，此處建議我們要言簡(jiǎn)意賅，否則會(huì)讓招聘者感到無(wú)聊，不想再繼續(xù)看下去。