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畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）報(bào)告紙
摘 要
隨著人口老齡化問題的日益嚴(yán)重，老年人和殘疾人的出行，在任何國家都會(huì)是一個(gè)問題。對(duì)這個(gè)問題解決的程度如何，反映著一個(gè)社會(huì)從科技水平到人文關(guān)懷等各方面的發(fā)達(dá)程度。但一直以來，現(xiàn)代許多工業(yè)化國家的交通運(yùn)輸部門對(duì)這種現(xiàn)狀的重視程度還是不夠——即在交通工具上沒有安裝方便有行動(dòng)障礙人士上下車的設(shè)施，這種現(xiàn)狀存在著許多不和諧因素，更使群體分化加劇，社會(huì)人文關(guān)懷程度的下降。而在公交車上布置專用的殘疾人蹬車門，并在此基礎(chǔ)上裝配殘疾人輪椅升降系統(tǒng)具有方便行動(dòng)不便人士上車的顯著優(yōu)點(diǎn)。例如:安全性好、機(jī)構(gòu)簡單、占地小、機(jī)械效率高、保密性好（指動(dòng)力單元中液壓元件）、壽命長、成本較低等。這些優(yōu)點(diǎn)能夠極大地反映著一個(gè)社會(huì)從科技水平到人文關(guān)懷等各方面的發(fā)達(dá)程度。
實(shí)現(xiàn)行動(dòng)不便人士蹬車無障礙化，并實(shí)現(xiàn)通過司乘人員，以及經(jīng)過專門培訓(xùn)的人員對(duì)此套機(jī)構(gòu)的簡單輔助操作。首先應(yīng)該從機(jī)構(gòu)的可行性方案上進(jìn)行深入討論，通過對(duì)動(dòng)力單元研究著手，然后經(jīng)過反復(fù)細(xì)致的可行性，安全性分析以及對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)校核，功能分析，而得到并形成系統(tǒng)的整體的結(jié)構(gòu)，并且針對(duì)本系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)，來選擇最適合的系統(tǒng)方案。
因此，本文首先就方案的選擇進(jìn)行了研究。于設(shè)計(jì)者掌握的專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的相關(guān)資料以及國內(nèi)外已有的設(shè)計(jì)種類的現(xiàn)狀，經(jīng)過詳細(xì)的方案調(diào)查，為本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)出了一套實(shí)用的兼用殘疾人輪椅升降系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)使用液壓回路中的鎖緊機(jī)構(gòu)作為動(dòng)力單元，采用十字叉式舉升機(jī)構(gòu)。
論文方案選擇的論證開始，詳細(xì)介紹了方案分析、設(shè)計(jì)流程和計(jì)算流程，并進(jìn)行了必要的動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、傳力機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)校核等。主要用于實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)市內(nèi)交通工具為滿足行動(dòng)不便的人士的升降平臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)其能順利上下車，進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)人文關(guān)懷。
關(guān)鍵詞： 兼用殘疾人輪椅升降系統(tǒng)，升降平臺(tái)，系統(tǒng)計(jì)算校核
ABSTRACT
We all know, it’s a problem for the senior citizen and the disable to go outdoor in any state How the problem is solved shows society’s degree of progress from technology level to human concern. But for a long time, many modern industrialized country show little concern on the current transportation problem, they neglect to equip machinery for the disable to login in or out the bus. There exists some unharmonious problems in the phenomenon, it may cause the apartment for the public concentration and the reduction on the human concern. Equipping special door for the disable in the general distribution for the bus, and equipping elevating system for the disable on the basic of the door have advantages. For these advantages,safety,easy-operating,volum saving, high efficient, good package(hydraulic power unit),long using time and low cost is the prior concern for the manufacture and the public. These advantages greatly show the degree of progress from social technology to the human concern.
To realize the no-disturb for the disable to login and the special trained servant to operate this set of machinery，we should first talk deeply about the feasibility of this machinery. Through the analysis on the power unit, the analysis on the feasibility ,safety, movement evaluating and the analysis of using afterwards, we establish the general structure, and we can also choose the suitable structure according to the system.
Therefore, we first study the choose on the structure. Based on the knowledge, some file on the internet and the current state of the relevant machineries home and aboard, we have performed up-to-date study and design a set of elevating system for the disable to login on bus. This system uses hydraulic locking-current as the power unit and uses sole machinery for elevating.
The paper begins with the argument on the general structure, and neatly introduce the structure analysis, design and calculating steps, and also performed some general structure design, power conducting machinery design and evaluating etc.It’s widely used in the public transportation for any disable people, ensuring them to login on and out the bus convinently,and fatherly shows our progress on human concern.
Key words: on-bus elevating system for the disabler’s login， elevating plate，layout
目錄
1 前言-------------------------------------------------------（1）
2 系統(tǒng)開發(fā)方案說明
2.1方案比較及選擇------------------------------------（8）
2.2需要進(jìn)行的任務(wù)-----------------------------------（10）
3 總體設(shè)計(jì)
3.1主要桿件的運(yùn)動(dòng)校核受力分析以及強(qiáng)度校核----------------------------（11）
3.1.1運(yùn)動(dòng)校核----------------------------------------（11）
3.1.2受力分析及機(jī)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)分析-------------------（12）
3.2液壓系統(tǒng)總成計(jì)算-------------------------- （15）
3.3其他一些相關(guān)的問題-------------------------（22）
3.3.1機(jī)構(gòu)的動(dòng)作順序及其要求借助外力完成的問題----------------（22）
致謝--------------------------------------（23）
參考文獻(xiàn)----------------------------------（24）
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