上海牛津版高一上學(xué)期S1AU6Funfood輔導(dǎo)講義.doc

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上海版牛津英語 S1A U6 Fun Food學(xué)習(xí)輔導(dǎo)講義（11.12） 詞語學(xué)習(xí) farm v.養(yǎng)殖,種田,務(wù)農(nóng).例如： The family has farmed there for generations. 這家世代都在那里務(wù)農(nóng). farm n. on the farm mixture n. 混合物 a mixture of …的混合物，例如： Air is a mixture of different gases. 空氣是各種氣體的混合物。 This cake is made from a mixture of flour, eggs and sugar.這種蛋糕是有面粉,雞蛋,糖的混合物制作的。 We listened to the news with a mixture of surprise and pleasure. 我們懷著驚喜交加的心情收聽了這則新聞。 a mixture of sorrow and anger 悲憤交加 a mixture of water and fertilizer水和肥料的混合物 mix v. Mix A with / and B fertilizer n. 肥料(尤指化學(xué)肥料) fertilize v. 施肥, 使肥沃 例如： Compost fertilizes the soil. 混合肥料使土地肥沃。 with prep.對……來說 例如： With newcomers to China, language is still a big problem. 對初來中國的人來說,語言仍然是個大問題。 with 帶來, 具有 例如： places with poor soil quality土地貧瘠的地方 I would like to live in a place with mountains and lakes. 我想住在有山有水的地方。 involve v.包含,包括 involve sth./doing sth. 做某事需要某東西 例如： This job involves a lot of patience and skill. 這份工作需要很多耐心和技術(shù)。 Success usually involves taking a chance. 成功需要機(jī)遇。 involve sb. in sth. 把某人卷入某事中 例如： Don’t involve me in your family affairs! 別讓我卷入你的家務(wù)事中。 profitable adj. 盈利的 a profitable enterprise 一家盈利的企業(yè) profit n. 利潤,贏利 unprofitable adj. 非贏利的,無益的. 例如： It would be unprofitable to pursue this argument any further. 再就這點爭論下去將無益處的。 technique n. 技巧,手法,技術(shù) printing techniques 印刷技術(shù) examination techniques 考試技巧 technology n.科技, 工藝學(xué),工業(yè)技術(shù) advanced technology 先進(jìn)的技術(shù) agricultural / industrial / nuclear technology農(nóng)業(yè)/工業(yè)/核技術(shù) the level of scientific technology 科學(xué)技術(shù)水平 high-tech adj. 高科技的 prove link-v.證明 例如： The policies of reform and opening up have proved to be the turning point in China’s development. 改革開放是中國發(fā)展中的轉(zhuǎn)折點。[prove ( to be ) + adj. / n. 證明是…] The treatment proved successful. 該療法證明是成功的. The promotion proved to be very profitable. 這次促銷證明是很有效的. variety n.種種 a variety of a wide variety of } 種種,多種 varietied of 例如： Students come from a variety of different backgrounds. 學(xué)生們的出身背景各異. There are a large variety of dishes on the menu. 菜單上有多種菜. economic benefits 經(jīng)濟(jì)利益 economic growth經(jīng)濟(jì)增長 economic problems 經(jīng)濟(jì)問 economic policy 經(jīng)濟(jì)政策 economic development 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展 economical adj. 經(jīng)濟(jì)的,省錢的 例如： Chinese are taught to be economical when they are still kids.中國人從小就被教會如何節(jié)約。 economy n.經(jīng)濟(jì) economics n.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) benefit n.利益 a practical benefit 實際利益 material benefit 物質(zhì)利益 maximum benefit最大利益 a national benefit 國家利益 for sb.’s benefit 為了某人的利益 acquire ( =get, have, receive ) the benefit of獲得…之益 give sb. the benefit 給予某人利益 lose the benefit of 喪失…的利益 amazed adj. 感到驚訝 be amazed at 對……感到驚訝 例如： I am amazed at the way you teach me all the time. 一直以來我都對你教我的方式感到驚奇。 be amazed to do sth. 驚訝地做某事 例如： Visitors are amazed to find that great changes have taken place in Shanghai within a year. 游客們驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)一年里上海發(fā)生了驚人的變化。 be amazed that…驚訝的是…… 例如： I am amazed that you never heard of Yao Ming. 我很驚訝,你竟然沒有聽說過姚明。 amazing adj. 例如： I am amazed at the amazing news. 我對這一驚人的消息感到驚訝。 develop v. 發(fā)展，開發(fā) 例如： With hard work, she developed into a great writer. 經(jīng)過艱苦地工作，她成為一位偉大的作家。 A good employer can develop the capabilities of each employee.一個好雇主能夠開發(fā)每個雇員的潛能。 develop a taste for… 培養(yǎng)對……的品味 development n. with the development of science and technology 隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展 developed adj. a developed country 發(fā)達(dá)國家 developing adj. developing nations 發(fā)展中國家 例如： India has developed rapidly in the past few years. 過去的幾年，印度發(fā)展很快。 Pudong is one of the fastest developing areas in Shanghai. 浦東是上海發(fā)展最快的地區(qū)之一。 The development of China surprises the whole world. 中國的發(fā)展震驚全世界。 practise v. practise+n. 例如：He practises calligraphy every day.他每天練習(xí)書法。 practise+v.ing 例如：He practised reversing the car into the garage. 他練習(xí)倒車入車庫。 nourish v. (=to feed) 供給營養(yǎng) Most plants are nourished (fed) by soil. 大多數(shù)植物靠泥土提供營養(yǎng)。 well-nourished children營養(yǎng)充足的兒童 undernourished children營養(yǎng)不良的兒童 nourishing adj. 有營養(yǎng)的, 滋養(yǎng)多的 nourishment n. 食物, 營養(yǎng)品 man-made adj. 人造的, 合成的, 人為的 例如： man-made fibers 人造纖維 a man-made lake 人工湖 chemical adj. 化學(xué)的 n. 化學(xué)制品, 化學(xué)藥品 例如： the chemical industry 化工業(yè) a chemical reaction 化學(xué)反應(yīng) a chemical experiment 化學(xué)實驗 produce v. 生產(chǎn)；制造 例如: This factory produces cars. 這個工廠生產(chǎn)汽車。 production n. [U] 生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)量 例如： Wood is used for the production of paper. 木頭被用作紙的生產(chǎn)。 In order to increase production, the factory uses new methods. 為了增加產(chǎn)量，工廠采用新的方法。 比較 product n. 產(chǎn)品 aspect n.方面 The training course covers every aspect of the job. 這個培訓(xùn)課程包括工作的各個方面。 harvest n. [C]收獲，收獲的季節(jié) 例如： have a good (bumper) harvest 取得豐收 This year’s wheat harvest was good/poor. 今年小麥的收成很好/差。 Farmers are very busy during the harvest. 在收獲季節(jié)里，農(nóng)民們很忙碌。 the harvest of one’s hard work 辛勤工作的成果 harvest vt./vi. 例如：The farmers are harvesting (the corn.) 農(nóng)民們正在收割（谷物）。 harvester n. 收獲者，收割機(jī) regard sb./sth. as+ n. / adj. 把…看作 例如： I regard him as a fool.我將他視為傻子。 Many people regard hunting as cruel and inhuman. 很多人將打獵視為殘忍無情。 近義詞組regard…as…; consider…as…; think of…as…; look upon…as…； view…as… regards n. 問候 例如： Give your family my best regards. 祝您全家幸福。 regard…as…把…看作 例如： Many people regard hunting as cruel and inhuman. 許多人認(rèn)為打獵是殘忍,非人道的事情。 look on ( upon )… as …把…看作 think of … as …把…看作 例如： She looked on this affair as a joke. 她把這件事當(dāng)作笑話。 He thinks of himself as a musician. 他認(rèn)為自己是音樂家。 backward adj. 落后的，遲鈍的 例如： Foreigners used to regard China as a backward nation. 外國人過去將中國視為落后的民族。 He was a little bit backward; he was nearly three before he could walk. 他有些遲鈍，差不多三歲才會走路。 詞組和短語： natural sources 自然資源 make the best/good use of 充分利用 例如： I do hope you can make the best use of your stay in Sannan Senior High School throughout the whole three years. 我希望你能充分利用整整三年呆在Sannan高級中學(xué)的時間。 The first lesson for freshmen is how to make the best use of the school library. 新生的第一課是如何充分利用學(xué)校的圖書館。 used to 過去常常 I used to play computer games after school. ( But I don’t play computer games any more. ) She used to be thin. ( But she is heavy now. ) be used to do sth.被用來 例如： Wood is used to make desks. be used to n./doing sth.習(xí)慣于,例如:He is used to a vegetarian diet. She is used to taking a walk after supper. regard…as…把…看作 例如： Many people regard hunting as cruel and inhuman. 許多人認(rèn)為打獵是殘忍,非人道的事情。 look on ( upon )… as …把…看作 think of … as …把…看作 例如： She looked on this affair as a joke. 她把這件事當(dāng)作笑話。 He thinks of himself as a musician. 他認(rèn)為自己是音樂家。 the introduction of sth.引進(jìn)某物 例如： The introduction of tea into Britain changed the way of the British people. 茶引進(jìn)到英國后改變了英國人的生活方式。 hold up 1)支撐，承受……的重量 例如： The table was too weak to hold up the computer. 桌子不牢，無法承受電腦的重量。 2) 用某人某事作為范例 例如： She is always holding up her children as models of behavior. 她總是標(biāo)榜自己的孩子是良好品行的榜樣。 3)延誤、阻礙 例如： A serious car accident held up the traffic for an hour this morning. 今晨一場嚴(yán)重的交通事故阻礙了交通近一個小時。 Our flight was held up by fog. 我們的航班有霧延遲。 重點句子 ‘Blue agriculture’ farms fish or water plants in natural sources of water such as oceans or lakes. 藍(lán)色農(nóng)業(yè)是把魚或水生植物養(yǎng)殖在海洋或湖泊等自然資源中。 natural adj.自然的 farm vt. 養(yǎng)殖，經(jīng)營農(nóng)場業(yè) 例如： He is farming in Africa. 他在非洲經(jīng)營農(nóng)場。 They should farm the land instead of letting it lie waste. 他們應(yīng)當(dāng)在這塊地里種莊稼, 不要讓它荒了。 ‘White agriculture’ is practised at Sunqiao Modern Agricultural Development Zone. 孫橋現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)實踐白色農(nóng)業(yè)。(用的被動語態(tài)) practice n. 例如： Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 zone n. The war zone 戰(zhàn)區(qū) 24 time zones 24時區(qū) Sunqiao is both an experimental research facility and a business enterprise. 孫橋既是實驗研究基地，又是商業(yè)企業(yè)。 1）experiment n. do / perform / carry out / conduct an ~ 2）facility提供特殊用途的場所 facilities設(shè)施 例如：a mental health facility精神病院 3）enterprise n.公司、企業(yè) 4）research n. 研究 (v. 研究) 例如: research on / into the causes of cancer 關(guān)于癌癥誘因的研究 scientific research 科學(xué)研究 carry out / do research 實施研究 research assistants 研究的助手 research institute 研究所，研究院 Reading 課文中譯文 農(nóng)作物的顏色變化 讀一讀這篇關(guān)于上海孫橋現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)的新聞報道。 最近，農(nóng)業(yè)開始變得色彩斑斕?！熬G色農(nóng)業(yè)”指在土地里耕種作物的傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)?！八{(lán)色農(nóng)業(yè)”指把魚和水生植物養(yǎng)殖在海洋火湖泊等自然資源中。最近出現(xiàn)的是“白色農(nóng)業(yè)”。它正在上海孫橋現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)進(jìn)行實踐。 有了白色農(nóng)業(yè)，植物可以在水中種植。有時，沙子和小石頭也被用來支撐這些植物。然而，它們都是無土栽培的。這些植物僅靠水和肥料的混合物提供營養(yǎng)。白色農(nóng)業(yè)在土壤貧瘠的地方很有用，因為這種方法最大程度地利用了水和肥料。 孫橋既是實驗基地，又是商業(yè)企業(yè)。研究內(nèi)容包括：使綠色農(nóng)業(yè)獲得更多的利潤；找到在農(nóng)業(yè)中不使用人造化學(xué)物的技術(shù)。孫橋也生產(chǎn)能使農(nóng)作物收成更好的種子幫助農(nóng)民。然而，孫橋最不尋常的地方在于其白色農(nóng)業(yè)的研究。 通過采用這項新技術(shù)，孫橋現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)已經(jīng)成為中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展最快的區(qū)域之一。孫橋現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)生產(chǎn)的種子和植物新品種已為16,000 多戶農(nóng)業(yè)家庭帶來了經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。受到幫助的農(nóng)戶現(xiàn)在有了更好的收成。他們的生活發(fā)生了永久的改變。 生活在城市里的人曾經(jīng)以為從事農(nóng)業(yè)是一項乏味和落后的工作。但現(xiàn)代化技術(shù)的引進(jìn)，讓孫橋變得著名起來。每星期大約有5,000 人前去參觀孫橋開發(fā)區(qū)?？吹綄O橋無土栽培的蔬菜，他們都感到很驚訝。從事農(nóng)業(yè)勞動變得令人興奮并且高科技化。這里是技術(shù)和自然合作協(xié)調(diào)的地方。 語法知識: 在定語從句中作主語和賓語的關(guān)系代詞的用法 1. 定語從句： 定語：修飾名詞和代詞的句子成分。 定語從句：修飾某一個名詞和代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。 2. 先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 3. 關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞可分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩種。 關(guān)系代詞有：that, which, who, whom, whose等；關(guān)系副詞有when, where, why 等。 4. 關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個作用： 1) 引導(dǎo)定語從句 2）代替先行詞 3）在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個句子成分。 練習(xí)：找出下列各句中關(guān)系代詞的作用： This is the film which I saw yesterday. Here are two pictures that are taken from the film. This is the film whose name is Titanic. Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film. 5. 指人時關(guān)系代詞用who, that（作主語），whom, who, that（作賓語），whose（作定語） 指物時關(guān)系代詞用which, that （作主語），which, that（作賓語），whose（作定語） 1) who指人,作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief 2) whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略，如介詞提前則不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li. 3) which 指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year. This recorder (which）he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books? 4) that 指人/物,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略) A plane is a machine. It can fly. →A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. → He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about. 5) whose 在定從中作定語,表所屬關(guān)系,翻譯為“他的/她的/它的”,用來代替 his, her, their, its. This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. This is the book the cover of which is blue. 這是那本封面是藍(lán)色的書。 Do you know the girl whose father died in Iraq? Do you know the girl of whom the father died in Iraq? Do you know the girl the father of whom died in Iraq? 你認(rèn)識那位她父親在伊拉克死亡的女孩嗎？ whose指人也指物,指物時= of which,指人時 = of whom 如何選擇關(guān)系代詞?who ,whom, whose, which, that 口訣: 前看先行詞, 辯清人或物；后看從句里, 有無主賓語 練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空： 1. This is the house __________ was built last year 2. The boy _______________ we saw yesterday was John’s brother. 3. The car __________ my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. 4. That is the man ____________ we were looking for. 選擇關(guān)系代詞時要注意只用that 不用which 的八種規(guī)則： 1.當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞,如all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, the one等,例如： All that can be done has been done. I didnt want this recorder; I want the one that was borrowed yesterday. We should do everything that is good for our studies. 2.先行詞(指物的)前面有only, few, one of, little, no, all, every, very等詞修飾時，例如： Theres no difficulty that we cant overcome. I’ve read all the books that can be borrowed here. This is the very man that I want to see. 3.先行詞被序數(shù)詞first, last, next等或形容詞的最高級修飾時，例如： This is the first letter that I’ve written in English. She is the most careful girl that I‘ve ever known. 4.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時，例如： They talked about the people and places that they had visited. 5.當(dāng)先行詞是系動詞be后面表語,或關(guān)系詞本身是從句的表語時，例如： Shanghai isn’t the city that it used to be 60 years ago. He is no longer the man THAT he used to be. 6.當(dāng)主句是以who, which或what開頭的特殊疑問句時，例如： Who is the man that is waiting at the school gate? Which is the car that ran over a dog yesterday? What did you see that made you so angry? 7.當(dāng)主句以There be…結(jié)構(gòu)開頭時,或關(guān)系代詞在there be…結(jié)構(gòu)中作實義主語,先行詞為物,例如: There is a seat(主語) in the corner(先行詞) that is still free. There are two books(主語) on history(先行詞) that are for you. The 9.15 is the fastest train(there be結(jié)構(gòu)的實義主語) that there has ever been. 8.當(dāng)先行詞是基數(shù)詞時,例如: Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive. 練習(xí)： We should do everything _____ is good for our studies. You can take any seat _____ is free. This is the only thing_________ we can do. This is the first place ________ I want to visit. This is the most interesting book ____ I have ever read. We talked about the things and persons _____ we were interested in. There is little ____ I can do to make up for the lost time. Our school is no longer the place _____ it used to be. This is the train by _______ we went to Beijing. Football, _______ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. Preposition + which Preposition + whom （介詞+關(guān)系代詞which 介詞+關(guān)系代詞whom） 【注意】：介詞﹢關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句, 關(guān)鍵是判斷介詞的選擇。 1.根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系 That’s the newspaper for which I write articles. 2.根據(jù)從句中動詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配， Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m not sure. 3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣，請體會： 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. 注意:介詞+關(guān)系代詞中關(guān)系代詞只能用which 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替. 練習(xí)：Fill in the blanks with “prep.+ which/whom”: 1. Are you interested in any songs ____ _____ you’ve listened. 2. Tomorrow is a particular day ____ _____ his daughter will get married. 3. This is the knife ____ _________ I usually cut bread. 4. We can’t live without the sun ____ _______ we get heat and light. 5. The subject ____ _____ Eric is interested is physics. 6. Do you know the girl ____ ________ our head teacher is shaking hands? 7. I can’t find my dictionary ____ _______ I paid over $100. 8. This is the good car ____ _______ I spent all my money. 9. She is the teacher ______ _______all his students show respect. 10. The teacher ____ ________ you have been waiting is coming in a minute. More Reading 課文中譯文 平衡世界飲食 東西方飲食差異是怎么樣的？讀一讀雜志上這篇關(guān)于飲食新趨勢的文章。 在西方國家，體重問題、心臟病以及許多種癌癥現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)越來越普遍。在亞洲，此類健康問題不如在西方國家那么常見。亞洲人似乎比較長壽。他們的飲食可能可以解釋為什么會有這些不同。 亞洲人的飲食中一般有較少的肉類，有較多的乳制品。雞蛋、雞肉等每星期吃的次數(shù)較少，甜品只是少量的吃一點。以西方人相比，亞洲人吃大米飯和面條更多。大多數(shù)亞洲人的菜單上有卷心菜等的綠葉蔬菜。每天也幾次新鮮水果。也經(jīng)常用豆制品做菜。食用這么多種的食物幫助亞洲人保持身體健康。準(zhǔn)備餐食的方法也不同。亞洲人燒菜大多用植物油。相比較，西方人更常用黃油做菜。 然而，許多快餐餐館、西方風(fēng)格的飲食模式開始在亞洲越來越普及，使得東西方的飲食差異變得越來越小。一些有西方飲食習(xí)慣的亞洲人面臨更多的疾病問題和體重問題。幸運的是，許多亞洲人意識到這一發(fā)展趨勢，比以往更加關(guān)注他們的飲食。 課后練習(xí)題 Ⅰ.Grammar and Vocabulary 1. You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre ________ is open all your round. A. which B. whose C. what D. where 2. A hundred years ago there was a hotel owner in Wales ________ was fed up with(厭倦了) his business. A. which B. whom C. whose D. who 3. The man ________ told me this refused to tell us his name and mobile phone number. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 4. The man ________ I brought the computer from doesn’t own a shop. Which of the following pronouns is improper? A. whom B. whose C. who D. that 5. I saw something in the magazine ________ might appeal(吸引) to you. A. who B. when C. where D. which 6. This is the pan(平鍋) in ________ I boiled the milk every day. A. that B. whose C. which D. where 7. This is the most magnificent(宏偉) palace ________ was build in the 1600s. A. which B. that C. where D. what 8. The man with ________ I teravelled could speak fluent Spanish. A. that B. which C. whom D. whose 9. The film is about a spy ________ partner betrays (/bi`trei/v.背叛,出賣) him. A. whose B. whom C. who D. one’s 10. The letter and the little boy ________ we had discovered disappeared A. which B. who C. whose D. that 11. There is nothing ________ can prevent him from joining the army. A. which B. that C. who D. what 12. He made the same mistake again, ________ made his parents very upset. A. which B. that C. what D. why 13. Very soon it began to ________ that the studies were not progressing smoothly. A. involve B. appear C. experience D. nourish 14. Some people believe in private _______, while others believe in government ownership of industry(政府所有的企業(yè)). A. industry B. agriculture C. enterprise D. facility 15. It seems to me that much of her difficulties are ________. A. economic B. economical C. economy D. economics 16. These students major in(主修) chemistry. They like experimenting with new ________. A. chemist B. chemistry C. chemicals D. chemical 17. To rebuild the canal(/k?`nl/運河) will bring many ________ to our national economy. A. nature B. mixture C. farming D.benefits 18. Winning the game ________ both skill and perseverance(堅定). A. nourishes B. involves C. proves D. shows 19. Fat from animals include butter, ________ food, egg yolks(蛋黃) and shellfish(貝類). Many of these fats are hard at room temperature. A. diary/`dai?ri/ (日記) B. daily/`deili/(日報) C. dairy/`de?ri/ (奶制品) D. daisy/`deizi/(雛菊) 20. Milk, especially from Mother, is all we need to ________ a small baby. A. nourishment(n.) B. nourish(v.) C. nutrition(n.) D. nutritious(adj.) Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks with proper words or phrases in their proper forms. account for(解釋,說明) be aware of(知道,意識到) in contrast to(與…形成對照) in comparison with(與…比較起來) in moderation(適量) pay attention to regard…as make use of hold up(支撐,承受) involve 1. When asked why he should have done that, the boy was unable to ________ his mistake. 2. Mud seemed to be the only thing that was ________ the bridge ________. 3. The news was on TV but I wasn’t really ________ it. 4. The lab is tiny but we ________ all space available(適用). 5. Building this road ________ the construction of many bridges. 6. Yao Ming ________ the most successful Chinese player who was introduced into NBA. 7. Some people think that smoking ________ does no harm to health. 8. The white figure stood out plainly(顯然) ________ the dark background. 9. It was several minutes before I ________ what was happening. 10. ________ metals, plastics have both advantages and disadvantages. Ⅲ. Translations 1. 火車由于事故延誤了一個小時。（hold up） ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 在考試中你必須利用好時間。（make use of） ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 他拿著一只裝檸檬水的瓶子。（which） ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 這個物品，盡管小，卻證明很好用。（prove） ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 聽到獲得一等獎，她的臉上出現(xiàn)了微笑。（appear） Ⅳ. Cloze Healthy eating tip: Set yourself up(使你自己更健康) for success To set yourself up for success, think about planning a healthy diet as a number of small, manageable(容易做到的) steps rather than one ____1____ drastic(激烈的) change. If you approach(接近) the changes gradually(逐步地) and with commitment(承諾), you will have a healthy diet sooner than you think. Simplify Instead of being overly concerned with(過于關(guān)心) calories or ____2____ portion sizes, think of your diet in terms of color, variety and freshness(在色彩、種類和新鮮度方面) — then it should be easier to ____3____ healthy choices. Focus on finding foods you love and easy recipes(/`resipiz/ n.食譜) that incorporate(包含) a few fresh ingredients(組分), ____4____, your diet will become healthier and more delicious. Start slow and make changes to your eating habits over time(隨著時間的過去). Trying to make your diet healthy overnight(突然) isn’t ____5____ or smart. Changing everything at once usually ____6____ cheating(作弊) or giving up on your new eating pl