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目 錄 第 1 章 緒論 ...................................................................................................................................1 11 建筑卷揚機的發(fā)展狀況 .....................................................................................................1 111 建筑卷揚機的應(yīng)用 ...................................................................................................1 112 建筑卷揚機的發(fā)展概況 ...........................................................................................1 113 國外卷揚機的概況 ...................................................................................................1 12 建筑卷揚機的主要類型 .....................................................................................................2 第 2 章 卷揚機的基本結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 ...............................................................................................5 21 本設(shè)計的總體確定 .............................................................................................................5 22 卷揚機的總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 .....................................................................................................5 第 3 章 鋼絲繩的選擇和卷筒的設(shè)計 .........................................................................................6 31 鋼絲繩的選擇 .....................................................................................................................6 311 鋼絲繩的種類和構(gòu)造 ...............................................................................................6 312 鋼絲繩直徑的選擇 ...................................................................................................6 32 卷筒的設(shè)計 .........................................................................................................................7 321 卷筒的材料 ...............................................................................................................7 322 卷筒容繩尺寸計算 ...................................................................................................7 卷筒筒壁的厚度計算和卷筒壁的強度計算 ......................................................9 33 卷筒軸的設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................................10 第章 減速器的設(shè)計 .............................................................................................................15 電動機的選擇 ................................................................................................................15 選擇電動機類型和機構(gòu)形式 ............................................................................15 功率的計算 ........................................................................................................15 413 電動機功率的選擇 .................................................................................................15 42 確定傳動裝置的總傳動比和分配傳動比 .......................................................................16 421 總傳動比 .................................................................................................................17 4分配減速器的各級傳動比 ..................................................................................17 計算傳動裝置的運動和動力參數(shù) ................................................................................17 各軸轉(zhuǎn)速 ............................................................................................................18 各軸的輸入功率 ................................................................................................18 433 各軸的輸入轉(zhuǎn)矩 .........................................................................................................18 44 減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 ...........................................................................................................19 傳動零件的設(shè)計計算 ....................................................................................................19 4..第一級齒輪傳動的設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................19 第二級齒輪傳動的設(shè)計 ....................................................................................22 4.5.3 齒輪軸的校核 .............................................................................................................24 4.5.4 滾動軸承的選擇計算 ................................................................................................28 標準件表 ....................................................................................................................................30 第 5 章 其他零件的設(shè)計 .........................................................................................................31 5.1 制動器的分類、特點及其選擇 .........................................................................................31 I 52 制動器的設(shè)計計算 ...........................................................................................................32 52制動器制動力矩的確定 ........................................................................................32 2制動器的發(fā)熱計算 ..............................................................................................33 53 聯(lián)軸器的設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................................34 531 聯(lián)軸器轉(zhuǎn)矩的計算 .................................................................................................34 第六章 排繩器的設(shè)計 .............................................................................................................36 第七章 建筑卷揚機使用與維護簡介 ...................................................................................37 7.1 建筑卷揚機使用 ..............................................................................................................37 7.1.1 建筑卷揚機的安裝與調(diào)試 ......................................................................................37 7.1.2 建筑卷揚機一般操作規(guī)程 ........................................................................................37 7.2 建筑卷揚機的維護與安全技術(shù) ......................................................................................38 7.2.1 建筑卷揚機的維護 ....................................................................................................38 7.2.2 建筑卷揚機的安全技術(shù) ..........................................................................................39 結(jié)論 ...............................................................................................................................................40 參考文獻 .......................................................................................................................................41 致 謝 ...........................................................................................................................................42 附錄 ...............................................................................................................................................43 附錄 1.........................................................................................................................................43 附錄 2.........................................................................................................................................55 II 摘 要 隨著人類文明發(fā)展,建筑工作愈來愈頻繁,古老的起重裝置已不能滿足現(xiàn)代話作業(yè) 的需要,大型塔吊和汽吊又有其相對的局限性,于是卷揚機以起靈活方便,成本相對小 等特點孕育而生了。 建筑卷揚機是一種起重設(shè)備,由于具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、搬運安裝靈活、維護保養(yǎng)簡單、操 作方便、價格低廉和可靠性高等優(yōu)點,所以被廣泛應(yīng)用于諸多工作中。提升重物是其主 要功能提升重物。本課題簡要介紹了建筑卷揚機的結(jié)構(gòu)和特點,給出了建筑卷揚機的設(shè) 計,并對卷筒的設(shè)計要點進行了說明。本課題重點在于一控制方便和節(jié)省資源為主要設(shè) 計特點對建筑卷揚機制動和傳動部分進行了設(shè)計和校核。 本課題主要設(shè)計齒輪和軸還有卷筒的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸,確定了齒輪傳動的各主要參數(shù),對驅(qū) 動機構(gòu)中的各部件進行了選型,設(shè)計,校核。 關(guān)鍵詞 卷揚機; 減速器; 軸; 齒輪; 設(shè)計 III Abstract Along with the development of human civilization, construction work have bec -ome more and more frequent ,Lifting the ancient device has been unable to meet the mo- dern needs of the operation so large tower crane hoists and steam has its limitations relative ,So hoist to take flexible, cost is relatively small and breed characteristics of Health. Winch is a construction lifting equipment, the structure is simple, flexible hand- ling installation, maintenance is simple and convenient to operate, low price and high relia bility, which is widely used in many work .Upgrade heavy Its main function is to upgrade heavy loads. This paper describes the construction hoist the structure and ch -aracteristics of a given construction hoist the design, Reel also the design features a summary statement. This paper focus is a convenient control and save resources as the main design features of the construction hoist the part of the design and verification . The design of the main gear and shaft design still reel size of the structure to de- termine the gear transmission of the main parameters, to drive the various components of the selection, design and verification. Keywords Windlass shaft gear reducer design 4 第 1 章 緒論 11 建筑卷揚機的發(fā)展狀況 111 建筑卷揚機的應(yīng)用 建筑卷揚機是一種起重設(shè)備,由于具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、搬運安裝靈活、維護保養(yǎng)簡單、 操作方便、價格低廉和可靠性高等優(yōu)點,所以被廣泛應(yīng)用于提升重物、打樁、集材、冷 拉鋼筋、設(shè)備安裝等工作中。 提升重物是建筑卷揚機的一種主要功能,所以各類卷揚機是根據(jù)這一要求為依據(jù)的。 雖然現(xiàn)在塔吊,汽車吊取代了建筑卷揚機的工作。如塔吊在建筑工地上用于物料和物件 的提升工作。由于塔吊成本高一般在大型建筑中使用,而且靈活性較差,也需卷揚機做 輔助提升用。建筑卷揚機還用于林業(yè)的集材工作。建筑業(yè)的冷拉鋼筋,小型礦井的物料 提升和打樁等工作。正因為建筑卷揚機具有多種用途,所以不僅用于建筑業(yè),而且在冶 金,化工,水電,農(nóng)業(yè)和軍事等行業(yè)亦被廣泛使用。 112 建筑卷揚機的發(fā)展概況 我國在古代就知道采用轤轆等來提升重物,以減輕體力勞動的強度和提高生產(chǎn)效率。 我國由于舊中國工業(yè)落后。使用的卷揚機均為國外生產(chǎn),至 50 年代我國的卷揚機生產(chǎn)才 開始的。從 70 年代起,我國卷揚機的生產(chǎn)才進入了技術(shù)提高,品種增加的新階段。 從 70 年代末期開始,中國實行改革開放政策國民經(jīng)濟大力發(fā)展,基本建設(shè)任務(wù)增多許多, 促使卷揚機的大量生產(chǎn)。生產(chǎn)廠家也逐漸增多。至今卷揚機的生產(chǎn)與設(shè)計已較為成熟, 現(xiàn)如今卷揚機的品種繁多和使用較廣泛。雖然現(xiàn)在的工業(yè)水平先