壓縮包內(nèi)含有CAD圖紙和說明書,均可直接下載獲得文件，所見所得，電腦查看更方便。Q 197216396 或 11970985
摘 要
近年來，隨著機器人技術(shù)的發(fā)展，移動機器人軌跡跟蹤問題受到了人們越來越多的關(guān)注。前輪轉(zhuǎn)向、后輪驅(qū)動的輪式類車移動機器人與四輪汽車的運動學(xué)模型相近，因此對輪式類車移動機器人的軌跡跟蹤控制問題的研究在汽車自動駕駛、智能交通等方面具有重要的意義。
自動引導(dǎo)機器人技術(shù)可用于無人駕駛汽車，無人工廠、倉庫及服務(wù)機器人等領(lǐng)域。本文詳細介紹了基于51單片機的巡線機器人設(shè)計，其主要包括超聲波檢測模塊、紅外巡線檢測、電動機調(diào)速驅(qū)動以及搬用機械手模塊。該系統(tǒng)在單片機的控制下，采集、存儲、處理巡線系統(tǒng)輸入的數(shù)字信號，并通過驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)來控制直流電機，使機器人按照預(yù)設(shè)的路線行走及搬運物體。該系統(tǒng)使用反射式紅外傳感器識別與地面顏色差別較大的引導(dǎo)線信息，采用L298H橋驅(qū)動電路和PWM波調(diào)速方法控制行走電機。給出了系統(tǒng)調(diào)試方法并分析了試驗數(shù)據(jù)，討論了提升系統(tǒng)性能的必要手段，實現(xiàn)了機器人的自動巡線功能。
本設(shè)計采用以AT89C51單片機為核心的低成本、高精度、微型化數(shù)字顯示超聲波測距儀的硬件電路和軟件設(shè)計方法。整個電路采用模塊化設(shè)計，由主程序、預(yù)置子程序、發(fā)射子程序、接收子程序模塊組成。探頭的信號經(jīng)單片機綜合分析處理，實現(xiàn)超聲波測距的功能。在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)的總體方案，最后通過硬件和軟件實現(xiàn)了各個功能模塊。相關(guān)部分附有硬件電路圖、程序流程圖。
關(guān)鍵詞：機器人；巡線；光電三極管；PWM波；51單片機；超聲波
Abstract
With the development of robot technology，the trajectory—tracking problem of
mobile robot is paid more and more attention．A wheeled car-like mobile robot，which is steered by two front wheel sand driven by two real wheels，has similar kinematic model to that of a four-wheel car．So the study on the trajectory-tracking problem of the wheeled car-like mobile robot is significant for automatic drive of car as well as intelligent transportation．
Automatic Guided robot technology can be used for unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned factories, warehouses and service robots, and other fields. This paper describes Line-tracking robot design on the base of the 51. Its main module include: photoelectric detection module ultrasonic measurement detection and line patrols and infrared detection, Motor-driven, human-machine interfaces. Under the control of the single-chip microcomputer subsystem, the system can collect, save and process the digital signal from the line-tracking system, then controls the motor through the driving system, and with the system robot can move according to reinstalling tracking. The system uses infrared reflectance sensor identification with the ground vary greatly in color line guide information, Drivers using L298H bridge circuit and PWM control methods wave speed motor running. Commissioning is a systematic method of analysis and test data, discussed the upgrade system performance necessary means, the robot's automatic line-tracking function.
At the core of the design using AT89C51 low-cost, high accuracy, Micro figures show that the ultrasonic range finder hardware and software design methods. Modular design of the whole circuit from the main program, pre subroutine fired subroutine receive subroutine. display subroutine modules form. SCM comprehensive analysis of the probe signal processing, and the ultrasonic range finder function. On the basis of the overall system design, hardware and software by the end of each module.
Keyword: robot； line-tracking； photoelectric triode ；PWM wave,；51single-chip microcomputer；ultrasonic